Question 1

Which antibody initially indicates a typical primary immune response?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  IgA 
D)  IgE 
A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  IgA 
D)  IgE

Question 2

Cytokines are vital to a cell's ability to do which function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excrete 
B)  Reproduce 
C)  Metabolize 
D)  Communicate 
A)  Excrete 
B)  Reproduce 
C)  Metabolize 
D)  Communicate

Question 3

Match each immunoglobulin with its characteristic or function.Each immunoglobulin can be used only once.
-Crosses the placenta.

Accepted Answer

A) IgA 
B) IgE 
C) IgG 
A) IgA 
B) IgE 
C) IgG

Question 4

The generation of clonal diversity includes a process that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Involves antigens that select those lymphocytes with compatible receptors. 
B)  Allows the differentiation of cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells or mature T cells. 
C)  Takes place in the primary (central) lymphoid organs. 
D)  Causes antigens to expand and diversify their populations. 
A)  Involves antigens that select those lymphocytes with compatible receptors. 
B)  Allows the differentiation of cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells or mature T cells. 
C)  Takes place in the primary (central) lymphoid organs. 
D)  Causes antigens to expand and diversify their populations.

Question 5

Vaccinations are able to provide protection against certain microorganisms because of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Strong response from IgM 
B)  Level of protection provided by IgG 
C)  Memory cells for IgE 
D)  Rapid response from IgA 
A)  Strong response from IgM 
B)  Level of protection provided by IgG 
C)  Memory cells for IgE 
D)  Rapid response from IgA

Question 6

Which cell has a role in developing cell-mediated immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Th1 
B)  CD4 
C)  CD8 
D)  Th2 
A)  Th1 
B)  CD4 
C)  CD8 
D)  Th2

Question 7

When antigens are administered to produce immunity,why are different routes of administration considered?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different routes allow the speed of onset of the antigen to be varied, with the intravenous route being the fastest. 
B)  Some individuals appear to be unable to respond to an antigen by a specific route, thus requiring the availability of different routes for the same antigen. 
C)  Antigen-presenting cells are highly specialized and thus require stimulation by different routes. 
D)  Each route stimulates a different lymphocyte-containing tissue, resulting in different types of cellular and humoral immunity. 
A)  Different routes allow the speed of onset of the antigen to be varied, with the intravenous route being the fastest. 
B)  Some individuals appear to be unable to respond to an antigen by a specific route, thus requiring the availability of different routes for the same antigen. 
C)  Antigen-presenting cells are highly specialized and thus require stimulation by different routes. 
D)  Each route stimulates a different lymphocyte-containing tissue, resulting in different types of cellular and humoral immunity.

Question 8

Evaluation of umbilical cord blood can confirm that which immunoglobulin level is near adult levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgM 
D)  IgE 
A)  IgA 
B)  IgG 
C)  IgM 
D)  IgE

Question 9

What are the necessary components of an adaptive immune response? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Antigen 
B)  Gamma IgG 
C)  Lymphocyte surface receptors 
D)  Crystalline fragment 
E)  Antibody 
A)  Antigen 
B)  Gamma IgG 
C)  Lymphocyte surface receptors 
D)  Crystalline fragment 
E)  Antibody

Question 10

How do antibodies protect the host from bacterial toxins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lysing the cell membrane of the toxins 
B)  Binding to the toxins to neutralize their biologic effects 
C)  Inhibiting the synthesis of DNA proteins needed for growth 
D)  Interfering with the DNA enzyme needed for replication 
A)  Lysing the cell membrane of the toxins 
B)  Binding to the toxins to neutralize their biologic effects 
C)  Inhibiting the synthesis of DNA proteins needed for growth 
D)  Interfering with the DNA enzyme needed for replication

Question 11

Which statement is believed to be true concerning Th2 cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Th2 cells are induced by antigens derived from allergens. 
B)  They are induced by antigens derived from cancer cells. 
C)  Th2 cells produce IL-2, TNF-ß, and IFN-γ. 
D)  They assist in the development of cell-mediated immunity. 
A)  Th2 cells are induced by antigens derived from allergens. 
B)  They are induced by antigens derived from cancer cells. 
C)  Th2 cells produce IL-2, TNF-ß, and IFN-γ. 
D)  They assist in the development of cell-mediated immunity.

Question 12

Which characteristic is the most important determinant of immunogenicity when considering the antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Size 
B)  Foreignness 
C)  Complexity 
D)  Quantity 
A)  Size 
B)  Foreignness 
C)  Complexity 
D)  Quantity

Question 13

Increased age may cause which change in lymphocyte function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased production of antibodies against self-antigens 
B)  Decreased number of circulating T cells 
C)  Decreased production of autoantibodies 
D)  Increased production of helper T cells 
A)  Increased production of antibodies against self-antigens 
B)  Decreased number of circulating T cells 
C)  Decreased production of autoantibodies 
D)  Increased production of helper T cells

Question 14

Match each immunoglobulin with its characteristic or function.Each immunoglobulin can be used only once.
-Is predominantly found in the blood and body secretions.

Accepted Answer

A) IgA 
B) IgE 
C) IgG 
A) IgA 
B) IgE 
C) IgG

Question 15

Where are antibodies produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  Helper T lymphocytes 
B)  Thymus gland 
C)  Plasma cells 
D)  Bone marrow 
A)  Helper T lymphocytes 
B)  Thymus gland 
C)  Plasma cells 
D)  Bone marrow

Question 16

The generation of clonal diversity occurs primarily during which phase of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fetal 
B)  Neonatal 
C)  Infancy 
D)  Puberty 
A)  Fetal 
B)  Neonatal 
C)  Infancy 
D)  Puberty

Question 17

What type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses the placenta?

Accepted Answer

A)  Passive-acquired immunity 
B)  Active-acquired immunity 
C)  Passive-innate immunity 
D)  Active-innate immunity 
A)  Passive-acquired immunity 
B)  Active-acquired immunity 
C)  Passive-innate immunity 
D)  Active-innate immunity

Question 18

Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Passive-acquired immunity 
B)  Active-acquired immunity 
C)  Passive-innate immunity 
D)  Active-innate immunity 
A)  Passive-acquired immunity 
B)  Active-acquired immunity 
C)  Passive-innate immunity 
D)  Active-innate immunity

Question 19

The B-cell receptor (BCR)complex functions uniquely by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Communicating information about the antigen to the helper T cell 
B)  Secreting chemical signals to communicate between cells 
C)  Recognizing the antigen on the surface of the B lymphocyte 
D)  Communicating information about the antigen to the cell nucleus 
A)  Communicating information about the antigen to the helper T cell 
B)  Secreting chemical signals to communicate between cells 
C)  Recognizing the antigen on the surface of the B lymphocyte 
D)  Communicating information about the antigen to the cell nucleus

Question 20

An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous membranes when he or she has a seriously low level of which immunoglobulin antibody?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  IgA 
D)  IgE 
A)  IgG 
B)  IgM 
C)  IgA 
D)  IgE

Exam 8: Adaptive Immunity

Which antibody initially indicates a typical primary immune response?

Cytokines are vital to a cell's ability to do which function?

Match each immunoglobulin with its characteristic or function.Each immunoglobulin can be used only once. -Crosses the placenta.

The generation of clonal diversity includes a process that:

Vaccinations are able to provide protection against certain microorganisms because of the:

Which cell has a role in developing cell-mediated immunity?

When antigens are administered to produce immunity,why are different routes of administration considered?

Evaluation of umbilical cord blood can confirm that which immunoglobulin level is near adult levels?

What are the necessary components of an adaptive immune response? (Select all that apply.)

How do antibodies protect the host from bacterial toxins?

Which statement is believed to be true concerning Th2 cells?

Which characteristic is the most important determinant of immunogenicity when considering the antigen?

Increased age may cause which change in lymphocyte function?

Match each immunoglobulin with its characteristic or function.Each immunoglobulin can be used only once. -Is predominantly found in the blood and body secretions.

Where are antibodies produced?

The generation of clonal diversity occurs primarily during which phase of life?

What type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses the placenta?

Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen?

The B-cell receptor (BCR)complex functions uniquely by:

An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous membranes when he or she has a seriously low level of which immunoglobulin antibody?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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