Question 1

What enables electrical impulses to travel in a continuous cell-to-cell fashion in myocardial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sarcolemma sclerotic plaques 
B)  Intercalated disks 
C)  Trabeculae carneae 
D)  Bachmann bundles 
A)  Sarcolemma sclerotic plaques 
B)  Intercalated disks 
C)  Trabeculae carneae 
D)  Bachmann bundles

Question 2

What physical sign is the result of turbulent blood flow through a vessel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased blood pressure during periods of stress 
B)  Bounding pulse felt on palpation 
C)  Cyanosis observed on excretion 
D)  Murmur heard on auscultation 
A)  Increased blood pressure during periods of stress 
B)  Bounding pulse felt on palpation 
C)  Cyanosis observed on excretion 
D)  Murmur heard on auscultation

Question 3

The coronary ostia are located in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Left ventricle 
B)  Aortic valve 
C)  Coronary sinus 
D)  Aorta 
A)  Left ventricle 
B)  Aortic valve 
C)  Coronary sinus 
D)  Aorta

Question 4

Oxygenated blood flows through which vessel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Superior vena cava 
B)  Pulmonary veins 
C)  Pulmonary artery 
D)  Coronary veins 
A)  Superior vena cava 
B)  Pulmonary veins 
C)  Pulmonary artery 
D)  Coronary veins

Question 5

Which intracardiac pressure is generated by the atrial contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  A wave 
B)  C wave 
C)  Y descent 
D)  X descent 
A)  A wave 
B)  C wave 
C)  Y descent 
D)  X descent

Question 6

In the normal electrocardiogram,what does the PR interval represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atrial depolarization 
B)  Ventricular depolarization 
C)  Atrial activation to onset of ventricular activity 
D)  Electrical systole of the ventricles 
A)  Atrial depolarization 
B)  Ventricular depolarization 
C)  Atrial activation to onset of ventricular activity 
D)  Electrical systole of the ventricles

Question 7

The coronary sinus empties into which cardiac structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right atrium 
B)  Left atrium 
C)  Superior vena cava 
D)  Aorta 
A)  Right atrium 
B)  Left atrium 
C)  Superior vena cava 
D)  Aorta

Question 8

Which phase of the normal myocardial cell depolarization and repolarization correlates with diastole?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phase 1 
B)  Phase 2 
C)  Phase 3 
D)  Phase 4 
A)  Phase 1 
B)  Phase 2 
C)  Phase 3 
D)  Phase 4

Question 9

The significance of the atrial kick is that it affects the contraction of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Right atria, which is necessary to open the tricuspid valve. 
B)  Right atria, which is necessary to increase the blood volume from the vena cava. 
C)  Left atria, which increases the blood volume into the ventricle. 
D)  Left atria, that is necessary to open the mitral valve. 
A)  Right atria, which is necessary to open the tricuspid valve. 
B)  Right atria, which is necessary to increase the blood volume from the vena cava. 
C)  Left atria, which increases the blood volume into the ventricle. 
D)  Left atria, that is necessary to open the mitral valve.

Question 10

Which cardiac chamber has the thinnest wall and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  The right and left atria; they are low-pressure chambers that serve as storage units and conduits for blood. 
B)  The right and left atria; they are not directly involved in the preload, contractility, or afterload of the heart. 
C)  The left ventricle; the mean pressure of blood coming into this ventricle is from the lung, which has a low pressure. 
D)  The right ventricle; it pumps blood into the pulmonary capillaries, which have a lower pressure compared with the systemic circulation. 
A)  The right and left atria; they are low-pressure chambers that serve as storage units and conduits for blood. 
B)  The right and left atria; they are not directly involved in the preload, contractility, or afterload of the heart. 
C)  The left ventricle; the mean pressure of blood coming into this ventricle is from the lung, which has a low pressure. 
D)  The right ventricle; it pumps blood into the pulmonary capillaries, which have a lower pressure compared with the systemic circulation.

Question 11

What period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Refractory 
B)  Hyperpolarization 
C)  Threshold 
D)  Sinoatrial (S
A)  
A)  Refractory 
B)  Hyperpolarization 
C)  Threshold 
D)  Sinoatrial (S
A)

Question 12

After the baroreceptor reflex is stimulated,the resulting impulse is transmitted from the carotid artery by which sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vagus nerve to the medulla to increase parasympathetic activity and to decrease sympathetic activity 
B)  Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve through the vagus nerve to the medulla to increase sympathetic activity and to decrease parasympathetic activity 
C)  Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve through the vagus nerve to the medulla to increase parasympathetic activity and to decrease sympathetic activity 
D)  Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve through the vagus nerve to the hypothalamus to increase parasympathetic activity and to decrease sympathetic activity 
A)  Vagus nerve to the medulla to increase parasympathetic activity and to decrease sympathetic activity 
B)  Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve through the vagus nerve to the medulla to increase sympathetic activity and to decrease parasympathetic activity 
C)  Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve through the vagus nerve to the medulla to increase parasympathetic activity and to decrease sympathetic activity 
D)  Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve through the vagus nerve to the hypothalamus to increase parasympathetic activity and to decrease sympathetic activity

Exam 31: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

What enables electrical impulses to travel in a continuous cell-to-cell fashion in myocardial cells?

What physical sign is the result of turbulent blood flow through a vessel?

The coronary ostia are located in the:

Oxygenated blood flows through which vessel?

Which intracardiac pressure is generated by the atrial contraction?

In the normal electrocardiogram,what does the PR interval represent?

The coronary sinus empties into which cardiac structure?

Which phase of the normal myocardial cell depolarization and repolarization correlates with diastole?

The significance of the atrial kick is that it affects the contraction of the:

Which cardiac chamber has the thinnest wall and why?

What period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated?

After the baroreceptor reflex is stimulated,the resulting impulse is transmitted from the carotid artery by which sequence of events?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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