Exam 5: Section 2: Learning

Positive reinforcement _____ the likelihood of a behavior's being repeated. Negative reinforcement _____ the likelihood of a behavior's being repeated.

In Pavlov's original experiments, dogs were classically conditioned to respond to the ringing of a bell with salivation. According to Robert Rescorla, what had the dogs learned?

On the first trial, the rat had to press the bar three times to get a pellet of food. On the second trial, seven bar presses were needed. Although it continued to vary from trial to trial, on the average the rat was reinforced for every five bar presses. The rat is on a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Which of the following would be an example of a primary reinforcer?

The notion that an organism is innately predisposed to form associations between certain stimuli and responses is termed:

The fifth time that Tyler was late for school he was given a detention. However, the following day he was late for school again. In this situation it is likely that:

In the context of learning and classical conditioning, the cognitive perspective emphasizes the:

Researchers found that people easily acquire a conditioned fear response to pictures of snakes and spiders when the slides were paired with a mild electric shock. However, people did NOT easily acquire a conditioned fear response to pictures of flowers and mushrooms when these images were paired with a mild electric shock. Which perspective provides the best explanation of this finding?

According to studies on media violence and aggressive behavior, many researchers have concluded that

You make a comment in your workgroup meetings, and a coworker responds with a sarcastic remark. You no longer speak during your workgroup meetings. This is an example of:

Which of the following behaviors is a reflex, meaning that it is governed by the nervous system and occurs automatically?

Who formulated the ''law of effect''?

What is the most valid conclusion to be drawn about the different models of conditioning and learning?

From the cognitive perspective, classical conditioning:

The term "elicit" is used in:

The first psychologist to systematically investigate animal learning and to study how voluntary behaviors are influenced by their consequences was:

Which of the following best illustrates classical conditioning?

Edward C. Tolman would have most likely made which of the following statements?

Which of the following represents a valid criticism of the ethics of Watson and Rayner's ''Little Albert'' study?

Your dog jumps up on a visitor and you smack him with a rolled up newspaper. The next time you have a visitor, your dog doesn't jump on them. This is an example of: