Exam 9: Seciton 3: Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Humans seek reasons, causes, and underlying principles to explain the world around them. The research term for this tendency is _____.

According to theory-theory, why do children imitate irrelevant adult behaviors?

According to Vygotsky, guided participation requires that a child _____.

Joachim lives in the United States. His mother speaks to him in Spanish. His father speaks to him in German. His parents hope that Joachim will _____.

Most teacher-directed preschool programs stress _____.

Demetrius's family recently immigrated to the United States from the Ukraine. After he attended kindergarten, his parents noticed that his English was more fluent than his native language. Demetrius was exhibiting _____.

Overregularization occurs because children _____.

Sunnymont Preschool has plenty of opportunities for the children to play dress-up, dance, build with blocks, finger-paint, and be creative. Sunnymont is most likely a _____ program.

When a child is learning a second language, the basics of language learning such as the vocabulary explosion, fast-mapping, and overregularization apply _____.

Which 4-year-old boy is likely to have the most advanced theory of mind?

One of the milestones of preoperational thought is the ability to _____.

Piaget called the stage of human cognitive development between the ages of 2 and 6 _____ intelligence.

At what age do MOST children without older siblings develop theory of mind?

Piaget believed that until about age 6, it is difficult for children to think _____.

To focus on one aspect of a situation and simultaneously exclude all other aspects is called _____.

Caitlin, age 4, visited the city zoo, pointed to a zebra, and exclaimed, "Look at the horse with stripes!" In describing the zebra, she used _____.

Which early childhood method has been found to boost reading several years later in elementary school?

Beverly and her mother were shopping for a birthday gift for Beverly's father. "How about this? Daddy would love it!" Beverly exclaimed, showing her mother a pink and purple toy horse with flowing mane and tail. Beverly's belief that her father would enjoy a toy that she herself would enjoy is an example of _____.

When children hear a new word in a familiar context, they can simply add the word to the general category without fully understanding the word. This is called _____.

Daryl has a ball of Silly Putty. His 6-year-old son, Mason, watches as Daryl flattens the Silly Putty into a thin "pancake." When Daryl asks Mason if there is now more Silly Putty, Mason replies "Yes" because he has _____.