Exam 7: Seciton 2: the First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

In their study of "temperamental individuality," New York Longitudinal Study researchers found that infants can be characterized as easy, difficult, hard-to-classify, or _____.

The two choices of infant day care described in the text are formal day care and _____ care.

A 12-month-old boy who clings anxiously to his mother and cries loudly every time the mother moves toward the door is probably demonstrating _____ attachment.

Attachment begins to form in early life, usually solidifying by the age of _____.

In a cross-cultural study examining child-rearing practices, it was demonstrated that toddlers with _____ mothers were more obedient but less self-aware than toddlers with distal mothers.

The temperamental traits that are most likely to change and resolve themselves by the age of 4 are inhibition and _____.

Holly wants her daughter to grow up to be self-reliant and independent. She uses _____ parenting practices to accomplish this goal.

An infant who cries when an unknown person approaches is displaying _____.

A 12-month-old girl who shows no distress at her mother's departure and is also indifferent to her return is probably displaying _____ attachment.

When infants watch other people for emotional cues in uncertain situations, they are engaging in _____.

The part of the brain known as the _____ is affected by chronic early stress; as a result, the brain may develop more slowly in a stressed infant than in a non-stressed infant.

According to Freud, if a parent is too strict with toilet training, it can result in a child who is fixated in the _____ stage.

Research on the developmental progression of adopted Romanian infants reveals that early _____, not genetics, was the most likely cause of their later problems.

The term for the patterned "waltz" of mutual exchange between parent and infant is _____.