Exam 6: Seciton 3: the First Two Years: Cognitive Development

On average, children begin saying recognizable words at around _____ months of age.

Tia is fascinated with the toilet. So far, her parents have caught her trying to flush a stuffed animal, a toy cell phone, and a handful of dog kibble. Which sensorimotor stage is Tia MOST likely in?

Infants' repetition of certain syllables at the age of about 6 or 7 months is called _____.

Javier's mother is a native Spanish speaker, and his father is a native English speaker. He hears both languages equally often and is addressed in Spanish by his mother and in English by his father. If Javier is a typical toddler, how will his language skills be affected by this early experience?

While playing a game, a 9-month-old infant tries to grab slow-moving balls, but doesn't try for fast-moving balls. Research by van Hof suggests that 9-month-olds _____.

Susan is a 21-month-old who has just begun to make two-word sentences. Her sentences already reveal the grammar of her native language, as she orders her nouns and verbs in the order that mature speakers of her language use. Chomsky would attribute Susan's quick acquisition of grammatical rules to her _____.

Which theorist said that children learn language as a result of reinforcements given by parents and caregivers?

Mary hides Ramy's favorite toy under a blanket while Ramy watches. Ramy removes the blanket and squeals when he sees the toy. Mary again hides the toy, but this time under a different blanket. Even though Ramy saw where Mary hid his toy, he still looks under the first blanket before removing the second blanket and retrieving the toy. Ramy has displayed _____.

Justin is a 6-month-old infant. He focuses intently on new stimuli, and quickly becomes habituated. What can we infer about Justin's cognitive abilities?

Jeremy spoke Ukrainian in early childhood, but stopped speaking it when he was about 4 years old. He no longer explicitly recalls any Ukrainian words and says he can't speak the language. Which of the following situations might reveal his implicit knowledge of Ukrainian?

Stage _____ of sensorimotor development is characterized by trying to continue an experience, whereas stage _____ is characterized by initiating and anticipating events.

Infants develop concepts of _____ before they develop concepts of _____.

Newborns prefer _____.

Research indicates that infants reach the stages of Piaget's sensorimotor intelligence _____ Piaget originally predicted.

Information-processing theory asserts that development _____, and Piaget's theory asserts that development _____.

According to the sociocultural perspective, what is the focus of early communication for infants younger than 12 months?

By 10 months of age, Alan has a vocabulary of a dozen words. B. F. Skinner would have attributed Alan's rapid speech development mainly to _____,

Tony is 8 months old, and he settles down quickly and listens raptly while his mom sings "The Itsy Bitsy Spider." What factor best account for Tony's interest in this nursery rhyme?

Britta has begun repeating syllables such as "da-da-da-da" and "me-me-me-me-me." Britta is in the _____ stage of language development.

Johanna watches while her mother hides a toy under a blanket. Her mom asks, "Where is it?" Then Johanna jerks away the blanket to reveal the toy. Which of the following structures best explains Johanna's sense of object permanence?