Question 1

Which statement is true regarding the difference between subdural hematoma and epidural hematoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  No difference exists, and these terms may be correctly used interchangeably. 
B)  A subdural hematoma occurs above the dura, whereas an epidural hematoma occurs under the dura. 
C)  A subdural hematoma is often the result of shaken baby syndrome, whereas an epidural hematoma rapidly forms as a result of a skull fracture. 
D)  A subdural hematoma usually forms from bleeding within the skull, such as an aneurysm eruption, whereas an epidural hematoma occurs from trauma outside the skull, such as a blunt force trauma. 
A)  No difference exists, and these terms may be correctly used interchangeably. 
B)  A subdural hematoma occurs above the dura, whereas an epidural hematoma occurs under the dura. 
C)  A subdural hematoma is often the result of shaken baby syndrome, whereas an epidural hematoma rapidly forms as a result of a skull fracture. 
D)  A subdural hematoma usually forms from bleeding within the skull, such as an aneurysm eruption, whereas an epidural hematoma occurs from trauma outside the skull, such as a blunt force trauma.

Question 2

Dysplasia refers to a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  Abnormal increase in the number of a specific cell type 
B)  True adaptive process at the cellular level 
C)  Modification in the shape of a specific cell type 
D)  Lack of oxygen at the cellular level 
A)  Abnormal increase in the number of a specific cell type 
B)  True adaptive process at the cellular level 
C)  Modification in the shape of a specific cell type 
D)  Lack of oxygen at the cellular level

Question 3

What is the cause of free calcium in the cytosol that damages cell membranes by uncontrolled enzyme activation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of endonuclease interferes with the binding of calcium to protein. 
B)  Activation of phospholipases, to which calcium normally binds, degrades the proteins. 
C)  An influx of phosphate ions competes with calcium for binding to proteins. 
D)  Depletion of ATP normally pumps calcium from the cell. 
A)  Activation of endonuclease interferes with the binding of calcium to protein. 
B)  Activation of phospholipases, to which calcium normally binds, degrades the proteins. 
C)  An influx of phosphate ions competes with calcium for binding to proteins. 
D)  Depletion of ATP normally pumps calcium from the cell.

Question 4

What mechanisms occur in the liver cells as a result of lipid accumulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accumulation of lipids that obstruct the common bile duct, preventing flow of bile from the liver to the gallbladder 
B)  Increased synthesis of triglycerides from fatty acids and decreased synthesis of apoproteins 
C)  Increased binding of lipids with apoproteins to form lipoproteins 
D)  Increased conversion of fatty acids to phospholipids 
A)  Accumulation of lipids that obstruct the common bile duct, preventing flow of bile from the liver to the gallbladder 
B)  Increased synthesis of triglycerides from fatty acids and decreased synthesis of apoproteins 
C)  Increased binding of lipids with apoproteins to form lipoproteins 
D)  Increased conversion of fatty acids to phospholipids

Exam 2: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Which statement is true regarding the difference between subdural hematoma and epidural hematoma?

Dysplasia refers to a(n):

What is the cause of free calcium in the cytosol that damages cell membranes by uncontrolled enzyme activation?

What mechanisms occur in the liver cells as a result of lipid accumulation?

Cellular Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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