Exam 48: Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

If a scientist wants to study kidney disease in humans, why might she use human subjects instead of animal models?

The ____ is a hormone produced by specialized cells in the heart in response to high blood pressure.

The tube through which urine leaves the urinary bladder is called the ____.

Most marine animals have an osmolarity of about ____ mOsm/L.

Malpighian tubules are found in ____.

Osmoreceptors help the body deal with dehydration in part by stimulating release of ____.

Research has demonstrated that ____ play a role in the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease in mice models.

The urine of marine mammals is ____ when compared to ____.

In response to a significant drop in blood pressure, ____ is produced, which quickly raises blood pressure by constricting many arterioles.

What are the benefits and costs to animals that excrete uric acid?

In mammals, urine drains out of the ____ into a collecting duct.

How do ectotherms control their body temperature?

An extended period of torpor entered by an animal during the winter when the environment is too cold and food is scarce is called ____.

The exiting of wastes from the excretory system is called ____.

The process of ____ is the flow of heat between atoms or molecules in direct contact.

The selective movement of specific small molecules and ions into excretory system tubules is called ____.

An example of an endotherm is a ____.

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by ____.

In mammals, the filtrate leaves the blood by exiting from the ____.