Question 1

Marine teleost fishes deal with the osmotic stress of living in seawater mainly by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport of ions into the body through the gills 
B)  excreting nitrogenous wastes through their kidneys as urea 
C)  active transport of ions out of the body by chloride cells 
D)  excreting excess salt through the actions of specialized salt glands in their heads 
E)  maintaining high levels of urea and trimethylamine oxide in body fluids 
A)  active transport of ions into the body through the gills 
B)  excreting nitrogenous wastes through their kidneys as urea 
C)  active transport of ions out of the body by chloride cells 
D)  excreting excess salt through the actions of specialized salt glands in their heads 
E)  maintaining high levels of urea and trimethylamine oxide in body fluids

Question 2

Flatworms and mussels have cellular and extracellular fluids with osmolarity lower than that of the external environment

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Suppose sugar is removed from an excretory system tubule and returned to the blood. This would be an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  reabsorption 
B)  excretion 
C)  filtration 
D)  secretion 
E)  diffusion 
A)  reabsorption 
B)  excretion 
C)  filtration 
D)  secretion 
E)  diffusion

Question 4

A marine fish's kidney plays little role in nitrogenous-waste removal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Metanephridia are found in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  annelids 
B)  mammals 
C)  flatworms 
D)  insects 
E)  reptiles 
A)  annelids 
B)  mammals 
C)  flatworms 
D)  insects 
E)  reptiles

Question 6

Suppose a cell's membrane is permeable to water, but not to Na+or Cl-or any other solute. The NaCl concentration is higher outside the cell than inside the cell, and the osmolarity of the cell is higher than that of the solution surrounding the cell. What will occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overall, the cell will lose water. 
B)  Overall, the cell will take up water, Na+, and Cl-. 
C)  Overall, the cell will take up water. 
D)  Overall, the cell will take up water and lose Na+and Cl-. 
E)  Overall, the cell will lose water and take up Na+and Cl-. 
A)  Overall, the cell will lose water. 
B)  Overall, the cell will take up water, Na+, and Cl-. 
C)  Overall, the cell will take up water. 
D)  Overall, the cell will take up water and lose Na+and Cl-. 
E)  Overall, the cell will lose water and take up Na+and Cl-.

Question 7

Osmoregulation is the control of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the internal environment 
B)  temperature 
C)  metabolic wastes 
D)  water and ion balance 
E)  hyperthermia 
A)  the internal environment 
B)  temperature 
C)  metabolic wastes 
D)  water and ion balance 
E)  hyperthermia

Question 8

Nephrons are found in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  annelids 
B)  mammals 
C)  flatworms 
D)  insects 
E)  adult mollusks 
A)  annelids 
B)  mammals 
C)  flatworms 
D)  insects 
E)  adult mollusks

Exam 48: Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Marine teleost fishes deal with the osmotic stress of living in seawater mainly by ____.

Flatworms and mussels have cellular and extracellular fluids with osmolarity lower than that of the external environment

Suppose sugar is removed from an excretory system tubule and returned to the blood. This would be an example of ____.

A marine fish's kidney plays little role in nitrogenous-waste removal.

Metanephridia are found in ____.

Suppose a cell's membrane is permeable to water, but not to Na+or Cl-or any other solute. The NaCl concentration is higher outside the cell than inside the cell, and the osmolarity of the cell is higher than that of the solution surrounding the cell. What will occur?

Osmoregulation is the control of ____.

Nephrons are found in ____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Suppose a cell's membrane is permeable to water, but not to Na⁺or Cl^-or any other solute. The NaCl concentration is higher outside the cell than inside the cell, and the osmolarity of the cell is higher than that of the solution surrounding the cell. What will occur?