Question 1

Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrate chains 
B) Glycoprotein channels 
C) Membrane channel proteins 
D) Lipid bilayer 
A) Carbohydrate chains 
B) Glycoprotein channels 
C) Membrane channel proteins 
D) Lipid bilayer D

Question 2

What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?

Accepted Answer

A) Lipids 
B) Proteases 
C) Proteins 
D) Carbohydrates 
A) Lipids 
B) Proteases 
C) Proteins 
D) Carbohydrates C

Question 3

Which is the best example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

A) Movement across a membrane due to differences in solute concentration 
B) Movement requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy 
C) Movement of two molecules simultaneously in one direction 
D) Movement of two molecules simultaneously in opposite directions 
A) Movement across a membrane due to differences in solute concentration 
B) Movement requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy 
C) Movement of two molecules simultaneously in one direction 
D) Movement of two molecules simultaneously in opposite directions B

Question 4

Which method of transport uses transmembrane proteins with receptors with a high degree of specificity for the substance being transported?

Accepted Answer

A) Active 
B) Mediated 
C) Transmembranous 
D) Passive 
A) Active 
B) Mediated 
C) Transmembranous 
D) Passive

Question 5

What is the primary function of proteins? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins are binding units. 
B) Proteins are transport channels. 
C) Proteins are ribonucleoproteins. 
D) Proteins provide cell surface markers. 
E) Proteins are chemical reaction catalysts. 
A) Proteins are binding units. 
B) Proteins are transport channels. 
C) Proteins are ribonucleoproteins. 
D) Proteins provide cell surface markers. 
E) Proteins are chemical reaction catalysts.

Question 6

What are the major chemical components of the cell membranes? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Lipids 
B) Sodium ions 
C) Carbohydrates 
D) DNA 
E) Proteins 
A) Lipids 
B) Sodium ions 
C) Carbohydrates 
D) DNA 
E) Proteins

Question 7

Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased heart rate and force of contraction 
B) Secretion of cortisol 
C) Increased retention of water 
D) Breakdown of fat 
A) Increased heart rate and force of contraction 
B) Secretion of cortisol 
C) Increased retention of water 
D) Breakdown of fat

Question 8

What role do cytokines play in cell reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development 
B) Block progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle 
C) Restrain cell growth and development 
D) Provide nutrients for cell growth and development 
A) Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development 
B) Block progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle 
C) Restrain cell growth and development 
D) Provide nutrients for cell growth and development

Question 9

What is the process of cellular reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) The process often takes months or years to complete. 
B) Cellular reproduction typically has a short interphase. 
C) Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, have been formed. 
D) The process involves the interaction of male and female cells. 
A) The process often takes months or years to complete. 
B) Cellular reproduction typically has a short interphase. 
C) Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, have been formed. 
D) The process involves the interaction of male and female cells.

Question 10

Which molecule provides the second messenger necessary for extracellular communication to be activated?

Accepted Answer

A) Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) 
B) Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) 
C) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 
D) Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) 
A) Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) 
B) Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) 
C) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 
D) Guanosine diphosphate (GDP)

Question 11

What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids is transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

Accepted Answer

A) Anaerobic glycolysis 
B) Oxidative cellular metabolism 
C) Oxidative phosphorylation 
D) Tricarboxylic acid phosphorylation 
A) Anaerobic glycolysis 
B) Oxidative cellular metabolism 
C) Oxidative phosphorylation 
D) Tricarboxylic acid phosphorylation

Question 12

What occurs during exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Macromolecules can be secreted across eukaryotic cell membranes. 
B) All substances are secreted into the cellular matrix. 
C) No repairs in the plasma membrane can take place. 
D) Solute molecules flow freely into and out of the cell. 
A) Macromolecules can be secreted across eukaryotic cell membranes. 
B) All substances are secreted into the cellular matrix. 
C) No repairs in the plasma membrane can take place. 
D) Solute molecules flow freely into and out of the cell.

Question 13

Which statements are true concerning the process of mediated transport? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Can be active or passive 
B) Only moves one molecule at a time 
C) Involves transport proteins 
D) Expends tremendous energy 
E) Occurs only with hormones 
A) Can be active or passive 
B) Only moves one molecule at a time 
C) Involves transport proteins 
D) Expends tremendous energy 
E) Occurs only with hormones

Question 14

Which statement is true about phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis. 
B) Phagocytosis is dependent on small vesicles. 
C) Phagocytosis involves the ingestion of bacteria. 
D) Phagocytosis focuses on solute molecules. 
A) Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis. 
B) Phagocytosis is dependent on small vesicles. 
C) Phagocytosis involves the ingestion of bacteria. 
D) Phagocytosis focuses on solute molecules.

Question 15

Where is most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?

Accepted Answer

A) Mitochondria 
B) Ribosome 
C) Nucleolus 
D) Lysosome 
A) Mitochondria 
B) Ribosome 
C) Nucleolus 
D) Lysosome

Question 16

Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up, destroyed, or immobilized?

Accepted Answer

A) Paracrine 
B) Autocrine 
C) Neurotransmitter 
D) Hormone 
A) Paracrine 
B) Autocrine 
C) Neurotransmitter 
D) Hormone

Question 17

Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiac and vascular disorders 
B) Autoimmune and malignant disorders 
C) Gastrointestinal and renal disorders 
D) Endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders 
A) Cardiac and vascular disorders 
B) Autoimmune and malignant disorders 
C) Gastrointestinal and renal disorders 
D) Endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders

Question 18

Passive transport is best described with which statement?

Accepted Answer

A) Being driven by osmosis, hydrostatic pressure, and diffusion 
B) Involving receptors that can bind with substances being transported 
C) Being capable of transporting macromolecules 
D) Requiring energy generated by the cell 
A) Being driven by osmosis, hydrostatic pressure, and diffusion 
B) Involving receptors that can bind with substances being transported 
C) Being capable of transporting macromolecules 
D) Requiring energy generated by the cell

Question 19

The cellular uptake of the nutrient cholesterol depends on which process?

Accepted Answer

A) Receptor-mediated exocytosis 
B) Antiport system 
C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis 
D) Passive transport 
A) Receptor-mediated exocytosis 
B) Antiport system 
C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis 
D) Passive transport

Question 20

Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with other cells in direct physical contact?

Accepted Answer

A) Protein channel (gap junction) 
B) Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules 
C) Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters 
D) Extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands 
A) Protein channel (gap junction) 
B) Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules 
C) Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters 
D) Extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands

Exam 1: Cellular Biology

Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?

What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?

Which is the best example of active transport?

Which method of transport uses transmembrane proteins with receptors with a high degree of specificity for the substance being transported?

What is the primary function of proteins? (Select all that apply.)

What are the major chemical components of the cell membranes? (Select all that apply.)

Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?

What role do cytokines play in cell reproduction?

What is the process of cellular reproduction?

Which molecule provides the second messenger necessary for extracellular communication to be activated?

What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids is transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

What occurs during exocytosis?

Which statements are true concerning the process of mediated transport? (Select all that apply.)

Which statement is true about phagocytosis?

Where is most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?

Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up, destroyed, or immobilized?

Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?

Passive transport is best described with which statement?

The cellular uptake of the nutrient cholesterol depends on which process?

Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with other cells in direct physical contact?

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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