Question 1

Without prior exposure to an antigen, which cells are able to destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Lymphocytes 
B) Plasma cells 
C) Megakaryocytes 
D) Natural killer (NK) cells 
A) Lymphocytes 
B) Plasma cells 
C) Megakaryocytes 
D) Natural killer (NK) cells D

Question 2

Soon after birth, a newborn has cord blood drawn which shows hemoglobin of 28.2 mg/dL. What does the healthcare professional understand about this finding?

Accepted Answer

A) The baby suffered from hypoxia in utero. 
B) This is a normal finding from cord blood. 
C) The newborn needs a blood transfusion. 
D) The infant's bone marrow is immature. 
A) The baby suffered from hypoxia in utero. 
B) This is a normal finding from cord blood. 
C) The newborn needs a blood transfusion. 
D) The infant's bone marrow is immature. A

Question 3

Which statements about plasma proteins are correct? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Provide clotting factors. 
B) Transport triglycerides. 
C) Synthesize complement proteins. 
D) Create hydrostatic pressure. 
E) Transport cholesterol. 
A) Provide clotting factors. 
B) Transport triglycerides. 
C) Synthesize complement proteins. 
D) Create hydrostatic pressure. 
E) Transport cholesterol. A, B, C, E

Question 4

What does the student learn about the role of collagen in the clotting process?

Accepted Answer

A) Initiates the clotting cascade 
B) Activates platelets 
C) Stimulates fibrin 
D) Deactivates fibrinogen 
A) Initiates the clotting cascade 
B) Activates platelets 
C) Stimulates fibrin 
D) Deactivates fibrinogen

Question 5

The student learns that Langerhans cells are only found in which organ?

Accepted Answer

A) Skin 
B) Intestinal lining 
C) Kidney 
D) Thyroid 
A) Skin 
B) Intestinal lining 
C) Kidney 
D) Thyroid

Question 6

Which statements characterize albumin? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) It retains sodium to maintain water balance. 
B) It provides colloid osmotic pressure. 
C) It is synthesized in the liver. 
D) It is a carrier for drugs that have low water solubility. 
E) It is a small molecule. 
A) It retains sodium to maintain water balance. 
B) It provides colloid osmotic pressure. 
C) It is synthesized in the liver. 
D) It is a carrier for drugs that have low water solubility. 
E) It is a small molecule.

Question 7

What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?

Accepted Answer

A) Globulin 
B) Albumin 
C) Clotting factors 
D) Complement proteins 
A) Globulin 
B) Albumin 
C) Clotting factors 
D) Complement proteins

Question 8

Which nutrients are necessary for the synthesis of DNA and the maturation of erythrocytes? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Protein 
B) Iron 
C) Cobalamin (vitamin B12) 
D) Folate 
E) Pantothenic acid 
A) Protein 
B) Iron 
C) Cobalamin (vitamin B12) 
D) Folate 
E) Pantothenic acid

Question 9

What are blood cells that differentiate into macrophages known as?

Accepted Answer

A) Monocytes 
B) Neutrophils 
C) Eosinophils 
D) Basophils 
A) Monocytes 
B) Neutrophils 
C) Eosinophils 
D) Basophils

Question 10

Which hemoglobin is made from oxidized ferric iron (Fe³⁺) and lacks the ability to bind oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A) Deoxyhemoglobin 
B) Oxyhemoglobin 
C) Methemoglobin 
D) Glycosylated hemoglobin 
A) Deoxyhemoglobin 
B) Oxyhemoglobin 
C) Methemoglobin 
D) Glycosylated hemoglobin

Question 11

What are granulocytes that contain granules of vasoactive amines, such as histamine, called?

Accepted Answer

A) Neutrophils 
B) Eosinophils 
C) Monocytes 
D) Basophils 
A) Neutrophils 
B) Eosinophils 
C) Monocytes 
D) Basophils

Question 12

What does the student learn regarding the role of the endothelium in clot formation? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) The surface of the endothelium produces plasma protease inhibitors. 
B) Plasma protease inhibitors assist in preventing clot formation. 
C) Thrombomodulin is a protein that is converted on the surface of endothelial cells. 
D) Protein A binds to thrombomodulin. 
E) Activated protein C enhances the adhesion ability of neutrophils. 
A) The surface of the endothelium produces plasma protease inhibitors. 
B) Plasma protease inhibitors assist in preventing clot formation. 
C) Thrombomodulin is a protein that is converted on the surface of endothelial cells. 
D) Protein A binds to thrombomodulin. 
E) Activated protein C enhances the adhesion ability of neutrophils.

Question 13

What is the life span of platelets (in days)?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 30 
C) 90 
D) 120 
A) 10 
B) 30 
C) 90 
D) 120

Question 14

What does the student learn about erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) Erythrocytes contain a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. 
B) Erythrocytes synthesize proteins. 
C) Erythrocytes have the ability to change shape to squeeze through microcirculation. 
D) Erythrocytes are more abundant in women than men. 
A) Erythrocytes contain a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. 
B) Erythrocytes synthesize proteins. 
C) Erythrocytes have the ability to change shape to squeeze through microcirculation. 
D) Erythrocytes are more abundant in women than men.

Question 15

What are the primary anticoagulant mechanisms? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Antithrombin III 
B) Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 
C) Hematopoiesis 
D) Protein C 
E) Phagocytosis 
A) Antithrombin III 
B) Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 
C) Hematopoiesis 
D) Protein C 
E) Phagocytosis

Question 16

Which nutrients are necessary for hemoglobin synthesis? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Protein 
B) Iron 
C) B6 (pyridoxine) 
D) Vitamin C 
E) Cobalamin (vitamin B12)
F)Pantothenic acid 
A) Protein 
B) Iron 
C) B6 (pyridoxine) 
D) Vitamin C 
E) Cobalamin (vitamin B12)
F)Pantothenic acid

Question 17

What is plasmin's role in the clotting process?

Accepted Answer

A) Stimulates platelet aggregation. 
B) Inhibits platelet adhesion and aggregation. 
C) Prevents the conversion of prothrombin to degrade the fibrin within blood clots. 
D) Degrades the fibrin within blood clots. 
A) Stimulates platelet aggregation. 
B) Inhibits platelet adhesion and aggregation. 
C) Prevents the conversion of prothrombin to degrade the fibrin within blood clots. 
D) Degrades the fibrin within blood clots.

Question 18

What is the function of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) Tissue oxygenation 
B) Hemostasis 
C) Infection control 
D) Allergy response 
A) Tissue oxygenation 
B) Hemostasis 
C) Infection control 
D) Allergy response

Question 19

What is the effect of low plasma albumin?

Accepted Answer

A) Clotting factors decrease, thus increasing the chance of prolonged bleeding. 
B) Fewer immunoglobulins are synthesized, thus impairing the immune function. 
C) Less iron is stored, thus increasing the incidence of iron deficiency anemia. 
D) Osmotic pressure decreases; thus water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium. 
A) Clotting factors decrease, thus increasing the chance of prolonged bleeding. 
B) Fewer immunoglobulins are synthesized, thus impairing the immune function. 
C) Less iron is stored, thus increasing the incidence of iron deficiency anemia. 
D) Osmotic pressure decreases; thus water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium.

Question 20

Fetal hematopoiesis occurs primarily in which structure?

Accepted Answer

A) Gut 
B) Spleen 
C) Bone marrow 
D) Thymus 
A) Gut 
B) Spleen 
C) Bone marrow 
D) Thymus

Exam 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Without prior exposure to an antigen, which cells are able to destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus-infected cells?

Soon after birth, a newborn has cord blood drawn which shows hemoglobin of 28.2 mg/dL. What does the healthcare professional understand about this finding?

Which statements about plasma proteins are correct? (Select all that apply.)

What does the student learn about the role of collagen in the clotting process?

The student learns that Langerhans cells are only found in which organ?

Which statements characterize albumin? (Select all that apply.)

What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?

Which nutrients are necessary for the synthesis of DNA and the maturation of erythrocytes? (Select all that apply.)

What are blood cells that differentiate into macrophages known as?

Which hemoglobin is made from oxidized ferric iron (Fe³⁺) and lacks the ability to bind oxygen?

What are granulocytes that contain granules of vasoactive amines, such as histamine, called?

What does the student learn regarding the role of the endothelium in clot formation? (Select all that apply.)

What is the life span of platelets (in days)?

What does the student learn about erythrocytes?

What are the primary anticoagulant mechanisms? (Select all that apply.)

Which nutrients are necessary for hemoglobin synthesis? (Select all that apply.)

What is plasmin's role in the clotting process?

What is the function of erythrocytes?

What is the effect of low plasma albumin?

Fetal hematopoiesis occurs primarily in which structure?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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