Question 1

What evidence does the nurse expect to see when a patient experiences trauma to the hypothalamus? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Uneven expression of mood 
B) Unstable blood glucose levels 
C) Poor regulation of body temperature 
D) Visual disturbances such as blurred vision 
E) Nausea, vomiting, and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease 
A) Uneven expression of mood 
B) Unstable blood glucose levels 
C) Poor regulation of body temperature 
D) Visual disturbances such as blurred vision 
E) Nausea, vomiting, and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 2

The brain receives approximately what percentage of the cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

A) 80% 
B) 40% 
C) 20% 
D) 10% 
A) 80% 
B) 40% 
C) 20% 
D) 10%

Question 3

Where is the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, secreted?

Accepted Answer

A) Somatic nervous system 
B) Parasympathetic preganglion 
C) Sympathetic postganglion 
D) Parasympathetic postganglion 
A) Somatic nervous system 
B) Parasympathetic preganglion 
C) Sympathetic postganglion 
D) Parasympathetic postganglion

Question 4

What is a Schwann cell? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Can form the myelin sheath 
B) Is also referred to as a neurolemma 
C) Affects the function of the nodes of Ranvier 
D) Is located in the peripheral nervous system 
E) Is responsible of decreasing conduction velocity 
A) Can form the myelin sheath 
B) Is also referred to as a neurolemma 
C) Affects the function of the nodes of Ranvier 
D) Is located in the peripheral nervous system 
E) Is responsible of decreasing conduction velocity

Question 5

During a synapse, what change occurs after the neurotransmitter binds to the receptor?

Accepted Answer

A) The permeability of the presynaptic neuron changes; consequently, its membrane potential is changed as well. 
B) The permeability of the postsynaptic neuron changes; consequently, its membrane potential is changed as well. 
C) The postsynaptic cell prevents any change in permeability and destroys the action potential. 
D) The presynaptic cell synthesizes and secretes additional neurotransmitters. 
A) The permeability of the presynaptic neuron changes; consequently, its membrane potential is changed as well. 
B) The permeability of the postsynaptic neuron changes; consequently, its membrane potential is changed as well. 
C) The postsynaptic cell prevents any change in permeability and destroys the action potential. 
D) The presynaptic cell synthesizes and secretes additional neurotransmitters.

Question 6

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produced?

Accepted Answer

A) Arachnoid villi 
B) Choroid plexuses 
C) Ependymal cells 
D) Pia mater 
A) Arachnoid villi 
B) Choroid plexuses 
C) Ependymal cells 
D) Pia mater

Question 7

The ability of the eyes to track moving objects through a visual field is primarily a function of which colliculi?

Accepted Answer

A) Inferior 
B) Superior 
C) Mid 
D) Posterior 
A) Inferior 
B) Superior 
C) Mid 
D) Posterior

Question 8

A patient has a defect in the arachnoid villi. What finding would the healthcare professional expect to note?

Accepted Answer

A) Production of excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 
B) Ischemia in the choroid plexuses 
C) Cloudy cerebral spinal fluid on analysis 
D) Absorption of too little cerebrospinal fluid 
A) Production of excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 
B) Ischemia in the choroid plexuses 
C) Cloudy cerebral spinal fluid on analysis 
D) Absorption of too little cerebrospinal fluid

Question 9

A healthcare professional is assessing a patient who suffered a head trauma. The patient is not able to sense touch of a sharp pin and cannot distinguish a hot object from a cold one. What part of the patient's brain does the professional suspect is damaged?

Accepted Answer

A) Midbrain 
B) Pons 
C) Medulla oblongata 
D) Lateral colliculi 
A) Midbrain 
B) Pons 
C) Medulla oblongata 
D) Lateral colliculi

Question 10

A patient has a spinal cord injury that included damage to the upper motor neurons. What assessment finding would the healthcare provider associate with this injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Permanent paralysis below the level of the injury 
B) Initial paralysis, but gradual partial recovery later 
C) Hemiplegia on the contralateral side of the body 
D) Notable increase in the amount of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) 
A) Permanent paralysis below the level of the injury 
B) Initial paralysis, but gradual partial recovery later 
C) Hemiplegia on the contralateral side of the body 
D) Notable increase in the amount of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)

Question 11

The sympathetic nervous system primarily serves to protect an individual by doing which of these? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Decreasing mucous production 
B) Increasing blood sugar levels 
C) Increasing body temperature 
D) Decreasing sweat excretion 
E) Increasing blood pressure 
A) Decreasing mucous production 
B) Increasing blood sugar levels 
C) Increasing body temperature 
D) Decreasing sweat excretion 
E) Increasing blood pressure

Question 12

Which nerves are capable of regeneration?

Accepted Answer

A) Nerves within the brain and spinal cord 
B) Peripheral nerves that are cut or severed 
C) Myelinated nerves in the peripheral nervous system 
D) Unmyelinated nerves of the peripheral nervous system 
A) Nerves within the brain and spinal cord 
B) Peripheral nerves that are cut or severed 
C) Myelinated nerves in the peripheral nervous system 
D) Unmyelinated nerves of the peripheral nervous system

Question 13

What is the membrane that separates the brain's cerebellum from its cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

A) Tentorium cerebelli 
B) Falx cerebri 
C) Arachnoid membrane 
D) Falx cerebelli 
A) Tentorium cerebelli 
B) Falx cerebri 
C) Arachnoid membrane 
D) Falx cerebelli

Exam 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

What evidence does the nurse expect to see when a patient experiences trauma to the hypothalamus? (Select all that apply.)

The brain receives approximately what percentage of the cardiac output?

Where is the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, secreted?

What is a Schwann cell? (Select all that apply.)

During a synapse, what change occurs after the neurotransmitter binds to the receptor?

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produced?

The ability of the eyes to track moving objects through a visual field is primarily a function of which colliculi?

A patient has a defect in the arachnoid villi. What finding would the healthcare professional expect to note?

A healthcare professional is assessing a patient who suffered a head trauma. The patient is not able to sense touch of a sharp pin and cannot distinguish a hot object from a cold one. What part of the patient's brain does the professional suspect is damaged?

A patient has a spinal cord injury that included damage to the upper motor neurons. What assessment finding would the healthcare provider associate with this injury?

The sympathetic nervous system primarily serves to protect an individual by doing which of these? (Select all that apply.)

Which nerves are capable of regeneration?

What is the membrane that separates the brain's cerebellum from its cerebrum?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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