Question 1

What event is most likely to occur when a person experiences a closed head injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Brief period of vital sign instability 
B) Cerebral edema throughout the cerebral cortex 
C) Cerebral edema throughout the diencephalon 
D) Disruption of axons extending from the diencephalon and brainstem 
A) Brief period of vital sign instability 
B) Cerebral edema throughout the cerebral cortex 
C) Cerebral edema throughout the diencephalon 
D) Disruption of axons extending from the diencephalon and brainstem

Question 2

A blunt-force injury to the forehead would result in a contrecoup injury to which region of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A) Frontal 
B) Temporal 
C) Parietal 
D) Occipital 
A) Frontal 
B) Temporal 
C) Parietal 
D) Occipital

Question 3

In which disorder are acetylcholine receptor antibodies (IgG antibodies) produced against acetylcholine receptors?

Accepted Answer

A) Guillain-Barré syndrome 
B) Multiple sclerosis 
C) Myasthenia gravis 
D) Parkinson disease 
A) Guillain-Barré syndrome 
B) Multiple sclerosis 
C) Myasthenia gravis 
D) Parkinson disease

Question 4

A blunt-force injury to the forehead would result in a coup injury to which region of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A) Frontal 
B) Temporal 
C) Parietal 
D) Occipital 
A) Frontal 
B) Temporal 
C) Parietal 
D) Occipital

Question 5

Autonomic hyperreflexia-induced bradycardia is a result of stimulation of what?

Accepted Answer

A) Sympathetic nervous system to b-adrenergic receptors to the sinoatrial node 
B) Carotid sinus to the vagus nerve to the sinoatrial node 
C) Parasympathetic nervous system to the glossopharyngeal nerve to the atrioventricular node 
D) Bundle branches to the a-adrenergic receptors to the sinoatrial node 
A) Sympathetic nervous system to b-adrenergic receptors to the sinoatrial node 
B) Carotid sinus to the vagus nerve to the sinoatrial node 
C) Parasympathetic nervous system to the glossopharyngeal nerve to the atrioventricular node 
D) Bundle branches to the a-adrenergic receptors to the sinoatrial node

Question 6

A patient who sustained a cervical spinal cord injury 2 days ago suddenly develops severe headache and blurred vision. What should the healthcare professional do?

Accepted Answer

A) Give the patient a glass of cool water. 
B) Give the patient some pain medication. 
C) Take the patient's blood pressure and pulse. 
D) Facilitate the patient having a head CT scan. 
A) Give the patient a glass of cool water. 
B) Give the patient some pain medication. 
C) Take the patient's blood pressure and pulse. 
D) Facilitate the patient having a head CT scan.

Question 7

A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has a spinal cord injury at T5. The patient exhibits severe hypertension, a heart rate of 32 beats/min, and sweating above the spinal cord lesion. How does the professional chart this event?

Accepted Answer

A) Craniosacral dysreflexia 
B) Parasympathetic dysreflexia 
C) Autonomic hyperreflexia 
D) Retrograde hyperreflexia 
A) Craniosacral dysreflexia 
B) Parasympathetic dysreflexia 
C) Autonomic hyperreflexia 
D) Retrograde hyperreflexia

Question 8

A healthcare professional wants to volunteer for a community education project to help prevent spinal cord injury. What activity would the professional most likely volunteer for?

Accepted Answer

A) Teaching school aged children bicycle safety 
B) Teaching stretching to high school athletes 
C) Teaching adults good body mechanics for lifting 
D) Teaching older adults how to prevent trip-and-fall events 
A) Teaching school aged children bicycle safety 
B) Teaching stretching to high school athletes 
C) Teaching adults good body mechanics for lifting 
D) Teaching older adults how to prevent trip-and-fall events

Question 9

Multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome are similar in that they both do what?

Accepted Answer

A) Result from demyelination by an immune reaction. 
B) Cause permanent destruction of peripheral nerves. 
C) Result from inadequate production of neurotransmitters. 
D) Block acetylcholine receptor sites at the myoneuronal junction. 
A) Result from demyelination by an immune reaction. 
B) Cause permanent destruction of peripheral nerves. 
C) Result from inadequate production of neurotransmitters. 
D) Block acetylcholine receptor sites at the myoneuronal junction.

Question 10

Which cerebral vascular hemorrhage causes meningeal irritation, photophobia, and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs?

Accepted Answer

A) Intracranial 
B) Subarachnoid 
C) Epidural 
D) Subdural 
A) Intracranial 
B) Subarachnoid 
C) Epidural 
D) Subdural

Question 11

In adults, how are most intracranial tumors located?

Accepted Answer

A) Infratentorially 
B) Supratentorially 
C) Laterally 
D) Posterolaterally 
A) Infratentorially 
B) Supratentorially 
C) Laterally 
D) Posterolaterally

Question 12

Spinal cord injuries occur most frequently in which region?

Accepted Answer

A) Cervical and thoracic 
B) Thoracic and lumbar 
C) Lumbar and sacral 
D) Cervical and thoracic lumbar 
A) Cervical and thoracic 
B) Thoracic and lumbar 
C) Lumbar and sacral 
D) Cervical and thoracic lumbar

Question 13

What is the most common primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor?

Accepted Answer

A) Microglioma 
B) Neuroblastoma 
C) Astrocytoma 
D) Neuroma 
A) Microglioma 
B) Neuroblastoma 
C) Astrocytoma 
D) Neuroma

Exam 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

What event is most likely to occur when a person experiences a closed head injury?

A blunt-force injury to the forehead would result in a contrecoup injury to which region of the brain?

In which disorder are acetylcholine receptor antibodies (IgG antibodies) produced against acetylcholine receptors?

A blunt-force injury to the forehead would result in a coup injury to which region of the brain?

Autonomic hyperreflexia-induced bradycardia is a result of stimulation of what?

A patient who sustained a cervical spinal cord injury 2 days ago suddenly develops severe headache and blurred vision. What should the healthcare professional do?

A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has a spinal cord injury at T5. The patient exhibits severe hypertension, a heart rate of 32 beats/min, and sweating above the spinal cord lesion. How does the professional chart this event?

A healthcare professional wants to volunteer for a community education project to help prevent spinal cord injury. What activity would the professional most likely volunteer for?

Multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome are similar in that they both do what?

Which cerebral vascular hemorrhage causes meningeal irritation, photophobia, and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs?

In adults, how are most intracranial tumors located?

Spinal cord injuries occur most frequently in which region?

What is the most common primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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