Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

John's poor performance in reading was found to be due to visual discrimination problems.This determination of the cause for his poor reading performance illustrates which goal of psychology?

If you heard only the individual notes of your favorite song played one per hour, you would not recognize it.However, when these notes are played together in the correct order and close in time as a melody, your favorite song is easily recognizable.The importance of being able to hear a melody rather than individual notes illustrates which school of thought in psychology?

In-depth studies of the brain injuries of Phineas Gage and Michael Melnick are examples of

In a research study, when the subjects do not know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group, but the experimenters do know, the study is called a(n)__________ experiment.

Regarding the use of examples, anecdotes, single cases, and testimonials in advertising, which of the following statements is TRUE?

The study of similarities and differences in the behavior of different species is called

After seeing a friend of yours being uncharacteristically quiet, you decide that your friend must be depressed.You later find out that your friend is not depressed but sleepy from staying up all night working on a term paper.You made this error because you failed to distinguish between observation and inference.

The survey method involves

An elderly lady is greatly impressed by an astrologer who describes her as physically vigorous, innovative, and artistically creative.Her reaction to this flattering description is an example of

Common sense statements tend to be vague and inconsistent, are based on limited casual observations, and work better after the fact.

At the U.S.Air Force Academy Preparatory School, 100 student pilots were randomly assigned to five different math classes with their teachers not knowing about this random placement.Instead, each teacher was told that his or her students had unusually high or low ability.Students in the classes labeled high ability improved much more in math scores than those in low-ability classes, although, initially, all the classes had students of equal ability.Although the teachers were not conscious of it, they apparently communicated their expectations subtly to students by their tone of voice, body language, and encouragement or criticism.These hints created what is known as a(n)

In a double-blind experiment, neither the subjects nor the researchers who interact with the subjects know who is in the experimental group or who is in the control group.

The graph shown depicts a __________ correlation.

List and describe the five parts of a research report.

Both the hereditary as well as environmental influences on the development of schizophrenia in the Genain quadruplets were documented over 40 years using which research method?

When a psychologist uses scientific observation, these observations must

A practitioner with an M.D.or Ph.D., who receives further training in the theories and therapy techniques developed by Sigmund Freud is probably a

An in-depth focus on the aspects of a single individual best describes the

Jay pays $5.00 to have a personality profile made through an analysis of his handwriting.Jay has just wasted his money on the pseudoscience known as

Scientific observations have shown which of the following statements to be TRUE?