Question 1

Critical thinking does NOT include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of empirical testing 
B)  a balance between healthy skepticism and an openness to new ideas 
C)  a constant revision of one's view of the world and the ability to admit one can bewrong 
D)  a strong reliance on the conventional wisdom of experts mixed with a healthy doseof common sense 
A)  the use of empirical testing 
B)  a balance between healthy skepticism and an openness to new ideas 
C)  a constant revision of one's view of the world and the ability to admit one can bewrong 
D)  a strong reliance on the conventional wisdom of experts mixed with a healthy doseof common sense

Question 2

You want to test people's reactions to a new artificial sweetener, so you plan to give them coffee with two different kinds of sweetener.However, you are worried about possible cues you may give people as to which sweetener they're getting.To address this, you have your assistant prepare the packets, so she knows which is which, but you do not.You then give the two coffees to your subjects.This type of experiment is called a __________ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  double-blind 
B)  single-blind 
C)  placebo effect 
D)  placebo bias 
A)  double-blind 
B)  single-blind 
C)  placebo effect 
D)  placebo bias

Question 3

In a carefully controlled experiment, the only possible cause for any effect noted in the dependent variable is the

Accepted Answer

A)  independent variable. 
B)  extraneous variable. 
C)  random assignment. 
D)  random selection. 
A)  independent variable. 
B)  extraneous variable. 
C)  random assignment. 
D)  random selection.

Question 4

Trena is a psychologist, who has conducted research into the spread of sexually transmitted diseases among teenagers and is presently setting up an educational program for the schools throughout her region.Her program will promote education, prevention, and treatment of the major sexually transmitted diseases.Trena is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  educational 
B)  developmental 
C)  environmental 
D)  community 
A)  educational 
B)  developmental 
C)  environmental 
D)  community

Question 5

Systems, such as astrology and graphology, enjoy wide popularity because of their

Accepted Answer

A)  uncritical acceptance. 
B)  scientific basis. 
C)  accuracy in predicting people's future behavior. 
D)  cost. 
A)  uncritical acceptance. 
B)  scientific basis. 
C)  accuracy in predicting people's future behavior. 
D)  cost.

Question 6

A verifiablypredicted outcome of an experiment or an educated guess about the relationship between variables is called a theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Concealing the observer or using hidden cameras can be used to minimize the anthropomorphic bias.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following coefficients of correlation indicates the WEAKEST relationship between two sets of variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.08 
B)  -0.29 
C)  0.48 
D)  -1.00 
A)  0.08 
B)  -0.29 
C)  0.48 
D)  -1.00

Question 9

Scientific observations have shown which of the following statements to be TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  People prefer receiving money or a gift they requested over a thoughtful gift the giver thinks they might appreciate. 
B)  Some people are left-brained and some are right-brained. 
C)  Subliminal advertising really does work. 
D)  People in New York City tend to be very rude. 
A)  People prefer receiving money or a gift they requested over a thoughtful gift the giver thinks they might appreciate. 
B)  Some people are left-brained and some are right-brained. 
C)  Subliminal advertising really does work. 
D)  People in New York City tend to be very rude.

Question 10

Which of the following usually has a doctorate (Ph.D., Psy.D., or Ed.D.)and is highly trained in the methods, factual knowledge, and theories of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  neurologist 
B)  psychologist 
C)  psychiatrist 
D)  pseudoscientist 
A)  neurologist 
B)  psychologist 
C)  psychiatrist 
D)  pseudoscientist

Question 11

A formal trial undertaken to confirm or disconfirm a hypothesis about cause and effect is called a(n)__________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A formal trial undertaken to confirm or...

Question 12

Which of the following descriptions of commonsense is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Strike while the iron is hot" and "Haste makes waste" would both be considered commonsense statements. 
B)  Commonsense statements tend to work best after the fact. 
C)  Commonsense requires planned and systematic observations. 
D)  Commonsense often provides vague and inconsistent pieces of information. 
A)  "Strike while the iron is hot" and "Haste makes waste" would both be considered commonsense statements. 
B)  Commonsense statements tend to work best after the fact. 
C)  Commonsense requires planned and systematic observations. 
D)  Commonsense often provides vague and inconsistent pieces of information.

Question 13

A common method for selecting representative samples is to select them

Accepted Answer

A)  randomly from the larger population. 
B)  strictly from volunteers. 
C)  independently by placing the surveys in popular magazines and newspapers. 
D)  from the confidential lists generated from mail order firms. 
A)  randomly from the larger population. 
B)  strictly from volunteers. 
C)  independently by placing the surveys in popular magazines and newspapers. 
D)  from the confidential lists generated from mail order firms.

Question 14

Which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning Gestalt Psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gestalt Psychology's motto is "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts." 
B)  Gestalt Psychology was founded by Max Wertheimer. 
C)  Gestalt Psychology has influenced studies of perception and personality and inspired a type of psychotherapy. 
D)  Gestalt Psychology explains behavior in terms of stimuli and responses. 
A)  Gestalt Psychology's motto is "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts." 
B)  Gestalt Psychology was founded by Max Wertheimer. 
C)  Gestalt Psychology has influenced studies of perception and personality and inspired a type of psychotherapy. 
D)  Gestalt Psychology explains behavior in terms of stimuli and responses.

Question 15

The town of Indianola, Mississippi wants to know what the community thinks about expanding the building and musical programs at the existing Blues Museum.Increased taxes will be used to pay for this expansion.Therefore, elected officials are mailing out questionnaires to determine public opinion about the expansion and the use of increased taxes to pay for it.Which type of research method are they using?

Accepted Answer

A)  correlation 
B)  experiment 
C)  survey 
D)  case studies 
A)  correlation 
B)  experiment 
C)  survey 
D)  case studies

Question 16

A simple experiment has two groups of subjects called the

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent group and the independent group. 
B)  extraneous group and the independent group. 
C)  before group and the after group. 
D)  control group and the experimental group. 
A)  dependent group and the independent group. 
B)  extraneous group and the independent group. 
C)  before group and the after group. 
D)  control group and the experimental group.

Question 17

Critical thinking in psychology is a type of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Critical thinking in psychology is a type...

Question 18

When a personnel director uses tests and interviews to select the best candidate for the job, this selection process is illustrating the psychological goal of prediction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

If a friend wishes to study the cognitive and emotional changes associated with the aging process throughout the life span, she should consider a career in __________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a friend wishes to study the...

Question 20

An experimenter conducts an experiment on the effects of a drug to control hallucinations.The experimenter declares the results to be "statistically significant," which usually means that

Accepted Answer

A)  even though appropriate statistics were used, no differences could be detected between the experimental and control groups. 
B)  the results have important implications for theory or practice. 
C)  differences of this size between the experimental and control groups would occur by chance only five times out of 100 (or less). 
D)  differences between the experimental and control groups were so large they could never occur by chance alone. 
A)  even though appropriate statistics were used, no differences could be detected between the experimental and control groups. 
B)  the results have important implications for theory or practice. 
C)  differences of this size between the experimental and control groups would occur by chance only five times out of 100 (or less). 
D)  differences between the experimental and control groups were so large they could never occur by chance alone.

Critical thinking does NOT include which of the following?

In a carefully controlled experiment, the only possible cause for any effect noted in the dependent variable is the

Systems, such as astrology and graphology, enjoy wide popularity because of their

A verifiablypredicted outcome of an experiment or an educated guess about the relationship between variables is called a theory.

Concealing the observer or using hidden cameras can be used to minimize the anthropomorphic bias.

Which of the following coefficients of correlation indicates the WEAKEST relationship between two sets of variables?

Scientific observations have shown which of the following statements to be TRUE?

Which of the following usually has a doctorate (Ph.D., Psy.D., or Ed.D.)and is highly trained in the methods, factual knowledge, and theories of psychology?

A formal trial undertaken to confirm or disconfirm a hypothesis about cause and effect is called a(n)__________.

Which of the following descriptions of commonsense is FALSE?

A common method for selecting representative samples is to select them

Which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning Gestalt Psychology?

A simple experiment has two groups of subjects called the

Critical thinking in psychology is a type of __________.

When a personnel director uses tests and interviews to select the best candidate for the job, this selection process is illustrating the psychological goal of prediction.

If a friend wishes to study the cognitive and emotional changes associated with the aging process throughout the life span, she should consider a career in __________ psychology.

An experimenter conducts an experiment on the effects of a drug to control hallucinations.The experimenter declares the results to be "statistically significant," which usually means that

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

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Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

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Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Critical thinking does NOT include which of the following?

In a carefully controlled experiment, the only possible cause for any effect noted in the dependent variable is the

Systems, such as astrology and graphology, enjoy wide popularity because of their

A verifiablypredicted outcome of an experiment or an educated guess about the relationship between variables is called a theory.

Concealing the observer or using hidden cameras can be used to minimize the anthropomorphic bias.

Which of the following coefficients of correlation indicates the WEAKEST relationship between two sets of variables?

Scientific observations have shown which of the following statements to be TRUE?

Which of the following usually has a doctorate (Ph.D., Psy.D., or Ed.D.)and is highly trained in the methods, factual knowledge, and theories of psychology?

A formal trial undertaken to confirm or disconfirm a hypothesis about cause and effect is called a(n)__________.

Which of the following descriptions of commonsense is FALSE?

A common method for selecting representative samples is to select them

Which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning Gestalt Psychology?

A simple experiment has two groups of subjects called the

Critical thinking in psychology is a type of __________.

When a personnel director uses tests and interviews to select the best candidate for the job, this selection process is illustrating the psychological goal of prediction.

If a friend wishes to study the cognitive and emotional changes associated with the aging process throughout the life span, she should consider a career in __________ psychology.

An experimenter conducts an experiment on the effects of a drug to control hallucinations.The experimenter declares the results to be "statistically significant," which usually means that

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters