Question 1

Describe critical thinking; and discuss the five principles that form the foundation of it.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include that critical thinki

Question 2

A psychologist finds that most of the juvenile delinquents at the facility where he counsels have parents who are smokers.If he concludes that parental smoking is the reason for these teens' behavior and poor choices, then he has

Accepted Answer

A)  made a sound conclusion based on scientific observation. 
B)  confused correlation and causation. 
C)  based his conclusion on unreliable sources of information. 
D)  confused observation and inference. 
A)  made a sound conclusion based on scientific observation. 
B)  confused correlation and causation. 
C)  based his conclusion on unreliable sources of information. 
D)  confused observation and inference.

Question 3

To investigate the effects of a new drug for hyperactivity, one group of children is given this new drug, while the other group is given a placebo.The experimenter has his assistant label the drug and the placebo with letter names so that he will not know which group of children is getting the placebo and which group is getting the new drug until the end of the experiment.This researcher is using a

Accepted Answer

A)  double-blind experiment to minimize research participant bias and researcher bias. 
B)  single-blind experiment to minimize observer bias and the observer effect. 
C)  triple-blind experiment that incorporates random selection and random assignment. 
D)  placebo effect to maximize the self-fulfilling prophecy. 
A)  double-blind experiment to minimize research participant bias and researcher bias. 
B)  single-blind experiment to minimize observer bias and the observer effect. 
C)  triple-blind experiment that incorporates random selection and random assignment. 
D)  placebo effect to maximize the self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 4

Which of the following is the idea that all behavior has prior causes that would completely explain one's choices and actions if all such causes were known?

Accepted Answer

A)  humanism 
B)  natural selection 
C)  cultural relativity 
D)  determinism 
A)  humanism 
B)  natural selection 
C)  cultural relativity 
D)  determinism

Question 5

When Freud stated that a person's thoughts were "repressed," he meant that

Accepted Answer

A)  these thoughts were unimportant to the person. 
B)  these thoughts were being held out of awareness because they were threatening. 
C)  older thoughts were often forgotten. 
D)  thoughts, emotions, or actions occur randomly rather than being predetermined. 
A)  these thoughts were unimportant to the person. 
B)  these thoughts were being held out of awareness because they were threatening. 
C)  older thoughts were often forgotten. 
D)  thoughts, emotions, or actions occur randomly rather than being predetermined.

Question 6

In order to determine whether women talk more than men, a group of researchers used an electronically activated recorder to track people's conversations, counting the number of words spoken in a day by women and men.These researchers used the recorder during which step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A)  gathering evidence to test the hypothesis 
B)  theory building 
C)  defining the problem 
D)  proposing a hypothesis 
A)  gathering evidence to test the hypothesis 
B)  theory building 
C)  defining the problem 
D)  proposing a hypothesis

Question 7

The concept of self-actualization was developed by which theorist and is a key feature of which school of thought in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maslow and humanism 
B)  Skinner and behaviorism 
C)  James and functionalism 
D)  Wertheimer and Gestalt psychology 
A)  Maslow and humanism 
B)  Skinner and behaviorism 
C)  James and functionalism 
D)  Wertheimer and Gestalt psychology

Question 8

The experimenter usually sets the value of

Accepted Answer

A)  the independent variable. 
B)  the dependent variable. 
C)  all the extraneous variables. 
D)  none of the variables in the experiment. 
A)  the independent variable. 
B)  the dependent variable. 
C)  all the extraneous variables. 
D)  none of the variables in the experiment.

Question 9

Which school of thought in psychology believes that people can freely choose to live more creative, meaningful, and satisfying lives?

Accepted Answer

A)  humanism 
B)  behaviorism 
C)  structuralism 
D)  psychodynamic psychology 
A)  humanism 
B)  behaviorism 
C)  structuralism 
D)  psychodynamic psychology

Question 10

In survey studies, answers to questions regarding sex, drinking, drug use, income, and church attendance tend to be less than truthful, indicating a distinct

Accepted Answer

A)  courtesy bias. 
B)  actor-observer bias. 
C)  halo effect. 
D)  Barnum effect. 
A)  courtesy bias. 
B)  actor-observer bias. 
C)  halo effect. 
D)  Barnum effect.

Question 11

Any condition that can change and that might affect the outcome of the experiment is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  variable. 
B)  mediator. 
C)  stimulus. 
D)  experimental behavior. 
A)  variable. 
B)  mediator. 
C)  stimulus. 
D)  experimental behavior.

Question 12

Researchers conducting web-based research have trouble controlling who actually answers their on-line questionnaires, which places limits on their research due to the possibility of

Accepted Answer

A)  researcher bias. 
B)  research participant bias. 
C)  biased samples. 
D)  the Barnum effect. 
A)  researcher bias. 
B)  research participant bias. 
C)  biased samples. 
D)  the Barnum effect.

Question 13

Edward Titchener is known for

Accepted Answer

A)  developing psychoanalysis. 
B)  working with animals using behavioral principles. 
C)  bringing structuralism to America. 
D)  developing the Gestalt principles of perception. 
A)  developing psychoanalysis. 
B)  working with animals using behavioral principles. 
C)  bringing structuralism to America. 
D)  developing the Gestalt principles of perception.

Question 14

Amy holds a doctorate in psychology.She has recently been hired by a prominent teaching hospital to conduct research into finding the best therapeutic techniques for patients suffering from acute psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia.Amy is most likely a

Accepted Answer

A)  psychiatric social worker. 
B)  psychiatrist. 
C)  clinical psychologist. 
D)  psychoanalyst. 
A)  psychiatric social worker. 
B)  psychiatrist. 
C)  clinical psychologist. 
D)  psychoanalyst.

Question 15

In a journal article, the researcher reported that statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in the study.This outcome from the investigation would be found in which sections(s)of the research article?

Accepted Answer

A)  results 
B)  introduction 
C)  method 
D)  all of these 
A)  results 
B)  introduction 
C)  method 
D)  all of these

Question 16

Psychic advisers make use of uncritical acceptance and the confirmation bias to create an illusion that they know private information about the people who call them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In a research study, when the subjects do not know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group, but the experimenters do know, the study is called a(n)__________ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  single-blind 
B)  double-blind 
C)  independent 
D)  dependent 
A)  single-blind 
B)  double-blind 
C)  independent 
D)  dependent

Question 18

In 2002, baseball pitcher Randy Johnson began wearing a particular metal-impregnated twisted rope necklace designed to "stabilize the electricity flow through the body." He claimed that it improved his pitching and his batting.By the 2010 World Series, hundreds of players were wearing one, all without any scientific explanation of, or evidence for, this rope necklace's efficacy.They bought this necklace

Accepted Answer

A)  due to a single example. 
B)  due to a causal correlation. 
C)  because they failed to distinguish observation from inference. 
D)  due to the performance of the control group. 
A)  due to a single example. 
B)  due to a causal correlation. 
C)  because they failed to distinguish observation from inference. 
D)  due to the performance of the control group.

Question 19

Helen ties a frilly blue bow around the neck of her husband's bulldog, Bruiser.When her husband sees Bruiser trying to take the bow off, he explains to his wife that Bruiser is embarrassed to be seen wearing "the frilly little bow." Her husband's comment illustrates the

Accepted Answer

A)  observer effect. 
B)  anthropomorphic error. 
C)  Barnum effect. 
D)  animalistic relativity error. 
A)  observer effect. 
B)  anthropomorphic error. 
C)  Barnum effect. 
D)  animalistic relativity error.

Question 20

Humanistic psychologists emphasize our ability to make voluntary choices, which they were referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  narcissism 
B)  free will. 
C)  self-actualization. 
D)  determinism. 
A)  narcissism 
B)  free will. 
C)  self-actualization. 
D)  determinism.

Describe critical thinking; and discuss the five principles that form the foundation of it.

A psychologist finds that most of the juvenile delinquents at the facility where he counsels have parents who are smokers.If he concludes that parental smoking is the reason for these teens' behavior and poor choices, then he has

Which of the following is the idea that all behavior has prior causes that would completely explain one's choices and actions if all such causes were known?

When Freud stated that a person's thoughts were "repressed," he meant that

In order to determine whether women talk more than men, a group of researchers used an electronically activated recorder to track people's conversations, counting the number of words spoken in a day by women and men.These researchers used the recorder during which step in the scientific method?

The concept of self-actualization was developed by which theorist and is a key feature of which school of thought in psychology?

The experimenter usually sets the value of

Which school of thought in psychology believes that people can freely choose to live more creative, meaningful, and satisfying lives?

In survey studies, answers to questions regarding sex, drinking, drug use, income, and church attendance tend to be less than truthful, indicating a distinct

Any condition that can change and that might affect the outcome of the experiment is called a(n)

Researchers conducting web-based research have trouble controlling who actually answers their on-line questionnaires, which places limits on their research due to the possibility of

Edward Titchener is known for

Amy holds a doctorate in psychology.She has recently been hired by a prominent teaching hospital to conduct research into finding the best therapeutic techniques for patients suffering from acute psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia.Amy is most likely a

In a journal article, the researcher reported that statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in the study.This outcome from the investigation would be found in which sections(s)of the research article?

Psychic advisers make use of uncritical acceptance and the confirmation bias to create an illusion that they know private information about the people who call them.

In a research study, when the subjects do not know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group, but the experimenters do know, the study is called a(n)__________ experiment.

Helen ties a frilly blue bow around the neck of her husband's bulldog, Bruiser.When her husband sees Bruiser trying to take the bow off, he explains to his wife that Bruiser is embarrassed to be seen wearing "the frilly little bow." Her husband's comment illustrates the

Humanistic psychologists emphasize our ability to make voluntary choices, which they were referred to as

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

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Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Describe critical thinking; and discuss the five principles that form the foundation of it.

A psychologist finds that most of the juvenile delinquents at the facility where he counsels have parents who are smokers.If he concludes that parental smoking is the reason for these teens' behavior and poor choices, then he has

Which of the following is the idea that all behavior has prior causes that would completely explain one's choices and actions if all such causes were known?

When Freud stated that a person's thoughts were "repressed," he meant that

In order to determine whether women talk more than men, a group of researchers used an electronically activated recorder to track people's conversations, counting the number of words spoken in a day by women and men.These researchers used the recorder during which step in the scientific method?

The concept of self-actualization was developed by which theorist and is a key feature of which school of thought in psychology?

The experimenter usually sets the value of

Which school of thought in psychology believes that people can freely choose to live more creative, meaningful, and satisfying lives?

In survey studies, answers to questions regarding sex, drinking, drug use, income, and church attendance tend to be less than truthful, indicating a distinct

Any condition that can change and that might affect the outcome of the experiment is called a(n)

Researchers conducting web-based research have trouble controlling who actually answers their on-line questionnaires, which places limits on their research due to the possibility of

Edward Titchener is known for

Amy holds a doctorate in psychology.She has recently been hired by a prominent teaching hospital to conduct research into finding the best therapeutic techniques for patients suffering from acute psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia.Amy is most likely a

In a journal article, the researcher reported that statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in the study.This outcome from the investigation would be found in which sections(s)of the research article?

Psychic advisers make use of uncritical acceptance and the confirmation bias to create an illusion that they know private information about the people who call them.

In a research study, when the subjects do not know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group, but the experimenters do know, the study is called a(n)__________ experiment.

Helen ties a frilly blue bow around the neck of her husband's bulldog, Bruiser.When her husband sees Bruiser trying to take the bow off, he explains to his wife that Bruiser is embarrassed to be seen wearing "the frilly little bow." Her husband's comment illustrates the

Humanistic psychologists emphasize our ability to make voluntary choices, which they were referred to as

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters