Question 1

Concealing the observer behind a two-way mirror or using hidden cameras can be used to minimize the

Accepted Answer

A)  observer effect. 
B)  double-blind effect. 
C)  placebo effect. 
D)  effects of extraneous correlations. 
A)  observer effect. 
B)  double-blind effect. 
C)  placebo effect. 
D)  effects of extraneous correlations.

Question 2

One way to randomly assign students to experimental and control groups for a study of academic behaviors is to

Accepted Answer

A)  flip a coin for each student to determine which group she or he will be assigned. 
B)  divide the group sitting in the front half of the room from the group sitting in the back. 
C)  ask volunteers for the experimental group to raise their hands. 
D)  do none of these. 
A)  flip a coin for each student to determine which group she or he will be assigned. 
B)  divide the group sitting in the front half of the room from the group sitting in the back. 
C)  ask volunteers for the experimental group to raise their hands. 
D)  do none of these.

Question 3

Which of the following has been used to summarize and synthesize large amounts of psychological research and allows researchers to draw conclusions that might be missed in a single, small-scale study?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​meta-analysis 
B)  ​natural clinical tests 
C)  ​multi-phasic research 
D)  ​double-blind experiments 
A)  ​meta-analysis 
B)  ​natural clinical tests 
C)  ​multi-phasic research 
D)  ​double-blind experiments

Question 4

The term "shrink" is a slang expression for

Accepted Answer

A)  a psychologist. 
B)  a psychiatrist. 
C)  a counselor or therapist. 
D)  all of these. 
A)  a psychologist. 
B)  a psychiatrist. 
C)  a counselor or therapist. 
D)  all of these.

Question 5

The participants exposed to the independent variable would be in the __________ group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The participants exposed to the independent variable...

Question 6

Wundt systematically observed and measured stimuli of various kinds, such as lights, sounds, and weights, and then used a technique that involved "looking inward" to probe the observers' reactions to the stimuli.This technique is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  analytical logic. 
B)  reduction division. 
C)  transduction. 
D)  introspection. 
A)  analytical logic. 
B)  reduction division. 
C)  transduction. 
D)  introspection.

Question 7

Montel studies the effects of urban noise, crowding, and the human use of space.Montel is most likely a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  developmental 
B)  environmental 
C)  comparative 
D)  health 
A)  developmental 
B)  environmental 
C)  comparative 
D)  health

Question 8

Psychologists who want to study behavior as it unfolds in natural settings use a technique called

Accepted Answer

A)  the case study method. 
B)  correlational studies. 
C)  the survey method. 
D)  naturalistic observation. 
A)  the case study method. 
B)  correlational studies. 
C)  the survey method. 
D)  naturalistic observation.

Question 9

To find out whether it really is "the thought that counts" when giving a gift, Gino and Flynn asked gift recipients to rate how much they would appreciate getting a gift they requested as opposed to one chosen by the gift giver.According to the empirical evidence gathered, these researchers found that the

Accepted Answer

A)  recipients were more appreciative of a requested gift. 
B)  recipients were more appreciative of an unrequested gift. 
C)  recipients were equally appreciative of the gift whether requested or unrequested. 
D)  gift givers believed that recipients would be significantly more likely to appreciate a requested gift. 
A)  recipients were more appreciative of a requested gift. 
B)  recipients were more appreciative of an unrequested gift. 
C)  recipients were equally appreciative of the gift whether requested or unrequested. 
D)  gift givers believed that recipients would be significantly more likely to appreciate a requested gift.

Question 10

When subjects in an experiment are chosen so that each has an equal chance of being in either the experimental group or the control group, we say that the subjects have been assigned

Accepted Answer

A)  alternately. 
B)  hypothetically. 
C)  randomly. 
D)  consecutively. 
A)  alternately. 
B)  hypothetically. 
C)  randomly. 
D)  consecutively.

Question 11

You are investigating the topic of gender differences in which extensive previous research has already been conducted with the findings of these previous studies not always in agreement.Your best approach to conducting research would be to

Accepted Answer

A)  ​randomly assign your subjects. 
B)  ​conduct a meta-analysis. 
C)  ​conduct a double-blind experiment. 
D)  ​utilize a field experiment. 
A)  ​randomly assign your subjects. 
B)  ​conduct a meta-analysis. 
C)  ​conduct a double-blind experiment. 
D)  ​utilize a field experiment.

Question 12

An experiment is performed to test the effects of sleep deprivation on rote memory.In this experiment, the dependent variable is the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of hours subjects go without sleep. 
B)  rote memory scores. 
C)  number of subjects deprived of sleep in the experimental group. 
D)  correlation between hours of sleep and fatigue. 
A)  number of hours subjects go without sleep. 
B)  rote memory scores. 
C)  number of subjects deprived of sleep in the experimental group. 
D)  correlation between hours of sleep and fatigue.

Question 13

Regarding graphology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Graphologists score close to zero on tests of accuracy in rating personality. 
B)  The use of graphology in personality assessment is considered a pseudoscience. 
C)  A graphological society concluded that handwriting analysis should not be used to select people for jobs. 
D)  Graphology cannot be used to detect forgeries. 
A)  Graphologists score close to zero on tests of accuracy in rating personality. 
B)  The use of graphology in personality assessment is considered a pseudoscience. 
C)  A graphological society concluded that handwriting analysis should not be used to select people for jobs. 
D)  Graphology cannot be used to detect forgeries.

Question 14

A college student has volunteered to tutor students in a first-grade classroom.She hopes to gain a realistic picture of the everyday behavior of these students.However, every time she enters the classroom, the students all stop what they are doing and run up to her begging her to tutor them next.This college student will probably never get a realistic picture of a typical first grader's school day because of the

Accepted Answer

A)  observer bias. 
B)  observer effect. 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecy. 
D)  anthropomorphic error. 
A)  observer bias. 
B)  observer effect. 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecy. 
D)  anthropomorphic error.

Question 15

Because the psychologists who treat mental disorders tend to rely heavily on case studies, this research method is also referred to as​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​naturalistic observation. 
B)  ​the clinical method. 
C)  ​the experimental method. 
D)  ​the therapeutic method. 
A)  ​naturalistic observation. 
B)  ​the clinical method. 
C)  ​the experimental method. 
D)  ​the therapeutic method.

Question 16

When we see a painting by George Seurat, the famous French impressionist, we tend to experience it as a rendering of a lovely landscape rather than as the series of separate, differently colored dots of which the painting is actually composed.This phenomenon illustrates which school of thought in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  structuralism 
B)  behaviorism 
C)  Gestalt psychology 
D)  psychodynamic psychology 
A)  structuralism 
B)  behaviorism 
C)  Gestalt psychology 
D)  psychodynamic psychology

Question 17

Which of the following statements about social norms is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social norms are rules that define acceptable and expected behavior for members of various groups. 
B)  Cultural differences, ethnicity, and gender are factors that influence social norms. 
C)  Age, disability, and sexual orientation have not been shown to influence social norms. 
D)  Social norms are too often based on the behavior of white, middle-class heterosexual, middle-class Western males, rather than being culturally sensitive. 
A)  Social norms are rules that define acceptable and expected behavior for members of various groups. 
B)  Cultural differences, ethnicity, and gender are factors that influence social norms. 
C)  Age, disability, and sexual orientation have not been shown to influence social norms. 
D)  Social norms are too often based on the behavior of white, middle-class heterosexual, middle-class Western males, rather than being culturally sensitive.

Question 18

According to humanists, appraising yourself as good or bad would be referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualization. 
B)  self-evaluation. 
C)  self-efficacy. 
D)  self-reinforcement. 
A)  self-actualization. 
B)  self-evaluation. 
C)  self-efficacy. 
D)  self-reinforcement.

Question 19

Which contemporary view in psychology sees behavior in terms of the mental processing of information?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  humanistic 
C)  behaviorist 
D)  biopsychological 
A)  cognitive 
B)  humanistic 
C)  behaviorist 
D)  biopsychological

Question 20

A variable, such as the personality of a subject, that might affect the outcome of an experiment would be controlled by

Accepted Answer

A)  random assignment of subjects. 
B)  assuming the effects of the variable are negligible. 
C)  manipulating the dependent variables simultaneously. 
D)  repeating the experiment several times until the results are consistent. 
A)  random assignment of subjects. 
B)  assuming the effects of the variable are negligible. 
C)  manipulating the dependent variables simultaneously. 
D)  repeating the experiment several times until the results are consistent.

Concealing the observer behind a two-way mirror or using hidden cameras can be used to minimize the

One way to randomly assign students to experimental and control groups for a study of academic behaviors is to

Which of the following has been used to summarize and synthesize large amounts of psychological research and allows researchers to draw conclusions that might be missed in a single, small-scale study?

The term "shrink" is a slang expression for

The participants exposed to the independent variable would be in the __________ group.

Wundt systematically observed and measured stimuli of various kinds, such as lights, sounds, and weights, and then used a technique that involved "looking inward" to probe the observers' reactions to the stimuli.This technique is known as

Montel studies the effects of urban noise, crowding, and the human use of space.Montel is most likely a(n)________ psychologist.

Psychologists who want to study behavior as it unfolds in natural settings use a technique called

When subjects in an experiment are chosen so that each has an equal chance of being in either the experimental group or the control group, we say that the subjects have been assigned

You are investigating the topic of gender differences in which extensive previous research has already been conducted with the findings of these previous studies not always in agreement.Your best approach to conducting research would be to

An experiment is performed to test the effects of sleep deprivation on rote memory.In this experiment, the dependent variable is the

Regarding graphology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Because the psychologists who treat mental disorders tend to rely heavily on case studies, this research method is also referred to as

Which of the following statements about social norms is FALSE?

According to humanists, appraising yourself as good or bad would be referred to as

Which contemporary view in psychology sees behavior in terms of the mental processing of information?

A variable, such as the personality of a subject, that might affect the outcome of an experiment would be controlled by

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters

Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Concealing the observer behind a two-way mirror or using hidden cameras can be used to minimize the

One way to randomly assign students to experimental and control groups for a study of academic behaviors is to

Which of the following has been used to summarize and synthesize large amounts of psychological research and allows researchers to draw conclusions that might be missed in a single, small-scale study?

The term "shrink" is a slang expression for

The participants exposed to the independent variable would be in the __________ group.

Wundt systematically observed and measured stimuli of various kinds, such as lights, sounds, and weights, and then used a technique that involved "looking inward" to probe the observers' reactions to the stimuli.This technique is known as

Montel studies the effects of urban noise, crowding, and the human use of space.Montel is most likely a(n)________ psychologist.

Psychologists who want to study behavior as it unfolds in natural settings use a technique called

When subjects in an experiment are chosen so that each has an equal chance of being in either the experimental group or the control group, we say that the subjects have been assigned

You are investigating the topic of gender differences in which extensive previous research has already been conducted with the findings of these previous studies not always in agreement.Your best approach to conducting research would be to

An experiment is performed to test the effects of sleep deprivation on rote memory.In this experiment, the dependent variable is the

Regarding graphology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Because the psychologists who treat mental disorders tend to rely heavily on case studies, this research method is also referred to as​

Which of the following statements about social norms is FALSE?

According to humanists, appraising yourself as good or bad would be referred to as

Which contemporary view in psychology sees behavior in terms of the mental processing of information?

A variable, such as the personality of a subject, that might affect the outcome of an experiment would be controlled by

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Personality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters

Because the psychologists who treat mental disorders tend to rely heavily on case studies, this research method is also referred to as