Question 1

Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytosine and guanine 
B)  guanine and adenine 
C)  adenine and thymine 
D)  thymine and uracil 
E)  uracil and cytosine 
A)  cytosine and guanine 
B)  guanine and adenine 
C)  adenine and thymine 
D)  thymine and uracil 
E)  uracil and cytosine

Question 2

All of the following contain amino acids except

Accepted Answer

A)  hemoglobin. 
B)  cholesterol. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  insulin. 
A)  hemoglobin. 
B)  cholesterol. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  insulin.

Question 3

How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is 11 monomers long?

Accepted Answer

A)  12 
B)  11 
C)  10 
D)  9 
E)  8 
A)  12 
B)  11 
C)  10 
D)  9 
E)  8

Question 4

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3', the other complementary strand would have the sequence

Accepted Answer

A)  5'TAACGT3'. 
B)  5'TGCAAT3'. 
C)  5'UAACGU3'. 
D)  3'UAACGU5'. 
E)  5'UGCAAU3'. 
A)  5'TAACGT3'. 
B)  5'TGCAAT3'. 
C)  5'UAACGU3'. 
D)  3'UAACGU5'. 
E)  5'UGCAAU3'.

Question 5

Which type of interaction stabilizes the α helix and the β pleated sheet structures of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophobic interactions 
B)  disulfide bonds 
C)  ionic bonds 
D)  hydrogen bonds 
E)  peptide bonds 
A)  hydrophobic interactions 
B)  disulfide bonds 
C)  ionic bonds 
D)  hydrogen bonds 
E)  peptide bonds

Question 6

Figure 5.1
-Which of the following descriptors is true of the molecule shown in Figure 5.1?

Accepted Answer

A)  hexose 
B)  fructose 
C)  glucose 
D)  hexose and fructose only 
E)  hexose and glucose only 
A)  hexose 
B)  fructose 
C)  glucose 
D)  hexose and fructose only 
E)  hexose and glucose only

Question 7

Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?

Accepted Answer

A)  as a pentose 
B)  as a hexose 
C)  as a monosaccharide 
D)  as a disaccharide 
E)  as a polysaccharide 
A)  as a pentose 
B)  as a hexose 
C)  as a monosaccharide 
D)  as a disaccharide 
E)  as a polysaccharide

Question 8

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
   
Figure 5.8
-Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  12 
E)  13 
A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  12 
E)  13

Question 9

What methods may be used to elucidate the structures of purified proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  X-ray crystallography 
B)  bioinformatics 
C)  analysis of amino acid sequence of small fragments 
D)  NMR spectroscopy 
E)  both X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy 
A)  X-ray crystallography 
B)  bioinformatics 
C)  analysis of amino acid sequence of small fragments 
D)  NMR spectroscopy 
E)  both X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy

Question 10

Dehydration reactions are used in forming which of the following compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  triacylglycerides 
B)  polysaccharides 
C)  proteins 
D)  triacylglycerides and proteins only 
E)  triacylglycerides, polysaccharides, and proteins 
A)  triacylglycerides 
B)  polysaccharides 
C)  proteins 
D)  triacylglycerides and proteins only 
E)  triacylglycerides, polysaccharides, and proteins

Question 11

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen, starch, and amylopectin 
B)  glycogen and cellulose 
C)  cellulose and chitin 
D)  starch and chitin 
E)  starch, amylopectin, and cellulose 
A)  glycogen, starch, and amylopectin 
B)  glycogen and cellulose 
C)  cellulose and chitin 
D)  starch and chitin 
E)  starch, amylopectin, and cellulose

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the 5' end of a polynucleotide strand of DNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The 5' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
B)  The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
C)  The 5' end has phosphate attached to the number 5 carbon of the nitrogenous base. 
D)  The 5' end has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
E)  The 5' end is the fifth position on one of the nitrogenous bases. 
A)  The 5' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
B)  The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
C)  The 5' end has phosphate attached to the number 5 carbon of the nitrogenous base. 
D)  The 5' end has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
E)  The 5' end is the fifth position on one of the nitrogenous bases.

Question 13

Which of these classes of biological molecules consist of both small molecules and macromolecular polymers?

Accepted Answer

A)  lipids 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  proteins 
D)  nucleic acids 
E)  lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids all consist of only macromolecular polymers 
A)  lipids 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  proteins 
D)  nucleic acids 
E)  lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids all consist of only macromolecular polymers

Question 14

Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

Accepted Answer

A)  monosaccharide 
B)  disaccharide 
C)  starch 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  polysaccharide 
A)  monosaccharide 
B)  disaccharide 
C)  starch 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  polysaccharide

Question 15

The amino acids of the protein keratin are arranged predominantly in an α helix. This secondary structure is stabilized by

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent bonds. 
B)  peptide bonds. 
C)  ionic bonds. 
D)  polar bonds. 
E)  hydrogen bonds. 
A)  covalent bonds. 
B)  peptide bonds. 
C)  ionic bonds. 
D)  polar bonds. 
E)  hydrogen bonds.

Question 16

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³⁵S, which of these molecules will be labeled?

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipids 
B)  nucleic acids 
C)  proteins 
D)  amylose 
E)  both proteins and nucleic acids 
A)  phospholipids 
B)  nucleic acids 
C)  proteins 
D)  amylose 
E)  both proteins and nucleic acids

Question 17

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
   
Figure 5.8
-Which of the following molecules contain(s)an aldehyde type of carbonyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  10 
E)  1 and 4 
A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  10 
E)  1 and 4

Question 18

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
   
Figure 5.8
-Which of the following molecules contains a glycosidic linkage type of covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  12 
D)  13 
E)  15 
A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  12 
D)  13 
E)  15

Question 19

Which of these molecules is not formed by dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acids 
B)  disaccharides 
C)  DNA 
D)  protein 
E)  amylose 
A)  fatty acids 
B)  disaccharides 
C)  DNA 
D)  protein 
E)  amylose

Question 20

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  C₆₀H₁₂₀O₆₀ 
B)  C₆H₁₂O₆ 
C)  C₆₀H₁₀₂O₅₁ 
D)  C₆₀H₁₀₀O₅₀ 
E)  C₆₀H₁₁₁O₅₁ 
A)  C₆₀H₁₂₀O₆₀ 
B)  C₆H₁₂O₆ 
C)  C₆₀H₁₀₂O₅₁ 
D)  C₆₀H₁₀₀O₅₀ 
E)  C₆₀H₁₁₁O₅₁

Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type?

All of the following contain amino acids except

How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is 11 monomers long?

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3', the other complementary strand would have the sequence

Which type of interaction stabilizes the α helix and the β pleated sheet structures of proteins?

Figure 5.1 -Which of the following descriptors is true of the molecule shown in Figure 5.1?

Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Figure 5.8 -Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA?

What methods may be used to elucidate the structures of purified proteins?

Dehydration reactions are used in forming which of the following compounds?

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?

Which of the following statements about the 5' end of a polynucleotide strand of DNA is correct?

Which of these classes of biological molecules consist of both small molecules and macromolecular polymers?

Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

The amino acids of the protein keratin are arranged predominantly in an α helix. This secondary structure is stabilized by

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³⁵S, which of these molecules will be labeled?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Figure 5.8 -Which of the following molecules contain(s)an aldehyde type of carbonyl functional group?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Figure 5.8 -Which of the following molecules contains a glycosidic linkage type of covalent bond?

Which of these molecules is not formed by dehydration reactions?

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters