Exam 48: The Immune System in Animals

The diagram shows a generalized cross section of the marine environment with various zones labeled with letters. -Inflammatory responses typically include ________.

A bone marrow transplant may not be appropriate from a given donor (Jane) to a given recipient (Jane's cousin Bob), even though Jane has previously given blood for one of Bob's needed transfusions, because ________.

Mutant fruit flies that do not make Toll protein were tested for survival after fungal infection. The results shown in the accompanying graph support the hypothesis that ________.

The diagram shows a generalized cross section of the marine environment with various zones labeled with letters. -A fruit fly, internally infected by a potentially pathogenic fungus, is protected by its ________.

What major advantage is conveyed by having a system of adaptive immunity?

For the successful development of a vaccine to be used against a pathogen, it is necessary that ________.

You and a friend were in line for a movie when you noticed the woman in front of you sneezing and coughing. Both of you were equally exposed to the woman's virus, but over the next few days, only your friend acquired flu-like symptoms and was ill for almost a week before recovering. Which one of the following is a logical explanation for this?

The major histocompatibility (MHC) molecule is important in a T cell's ability to ________.

An epitope associates with which part of an antibody?

Which of the following statements are fundamental to the clonal-selection theory of how the adaptive immune system functions? I. Each mature lymphocyte has a unique membrane receptor that recognizes one antigen. II. When the lymphocyte binds an antigen, the lymphocyte is activated and begins dividing to form many identical copies of itself. III. Cloned lymphocytes have slight differences and are selected by the spleen for removal if they do not bind an antigen. IV. Cloned cells descend from an activated lymphocyte and persist even after the pathogen is eliminated.

The diagram shows a generalized cross section of the marine environment with various zones labeled with letters. -The most inclusive set of symptoms of inflammation is ________.

A newborn who is accidentally given a drug that destroys the thymus would most likely ________.

Which of the following should be the same in identical twins?

What kind of immune responses do insects have?

Which of the following is a difference between class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins?

The primary function of humoral immunity (humoral response) is to ________.

Immunological memory accounts for ________.