Exam 1: B: The Science of Child Development

Baby biographies were detailed, systematic observations of individual children that were often subjective in nature but paved the way for more analytical, objective research.

Which of the following statements is true about family policy?

Mary chose to assess the quality of infants' relationships with their caregivers by observing infants in a laboratory situation wherein the infants experienced a series of separations from and reunions with their caregivers. What kind of measure did Mary use?

Alvaro is interested in finding out how children's conceptions of death change with age. He decides to interview children and ask them questions such as "What happens when people die?" and "Do people eat when they die?" Alvaro is using a form of ________ to measure children's conceptions of death.

According to Bronfenbrenner, the people and objects in an individual's immediate environment represent the

Carol begged her father for some candy when they were in the grocery store. Eventually, Carol's father gave in and bought Carol some candy. According to theories of operant conditioning, what is likely to happen the next time Carol and her father go to the grocery store?

Jill was the first moving object a newly hatched chick saw. The chick later followed her around, just as if Jill were the chick's mother. The chick's behaviour is a result of

*When she was young, the only times that Ashley watched daytime television (soap operas) was when she stayed home sick from school. Now that she is older, whenever Ashley sees a soap opera on television, she starts to feel like she has a cold, even if she is perfectly healthy. How would Watson or Pavlov explain this situation? How is this similar to their research?

Piaget stated that children's theories about the world

Creating an emotional bond with the mother is sometimes called

Seth failed to put away his bicycle at night as he was supposed to do. His father told him that he would not be allowed to ride his bicycle for one week. Seth's father tried to change Seth's behaviour by using

An evolutionary perspective is most closely associated with which of the following theories?

An organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a

Professor Kiefer is interested in learning about how easily children make the transition from grade school to high school. She interviews 120 Grade 8 students at various schools and collects information about their hopes, fears, and general feelings about moving on to high school. This is an example of which type of research?

Laible, Panfile, and Makariev (2008) found a weak positive (.31) correlation between mother-child dyad's ability to resolve a conflict in two settings. This means

The tendency to select socially acceptable answers is called

Dr. Land conducted a study in a preschool to test his hypothesis that the amount of unstructured time (free play) in a day affects the amount of unruliness that children display. Teachers systematically varied the amount of free play each day for a month, and Dr. Land's research assistants recorded the amount of unruliness children displayed each day. This study would best be described as a(n)

Children are just as likely to imitate the behaviour of someone they think is popular and talented, as they are to imitate the behaviour of someone they consider unpopular or untalented.

Beth has installed a doorbell inside her house and trained her dog to press the button when he wants to go outside. When the dog presses the doorbell, Beth rewards him by letting him outside. Which approach did Beth use to train her dog?

According to Vygotsky, a child's development must be considered against the backdrop of his/her culture's beliefs, customs, and skills.