Question 1

Hemolytic disease of the newborn can occur if the mother is:

Accepted Answer

A) Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative. 
B) Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive. 
C) type A blood and the fetus has type O. 
D) type AB blood and the fetus has type B. 
A) Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative. 
B) Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive. 
C) type A blood and the fetus has type O. 
D) type AB blood and the fetus has type B.

Question 2

Hemophilia B is caused by clotting factor _____ deficiency.

Accepted Answer

A) V 
B) VIII 
C) IX 
D) X 
A) V 
B) VIII 
C) IX 
D) X

Question 3

In a full-term infant, the normal erythrocyte life span is _____ days, whereas the adult is _____ days.

Accepted Answer

A) 30 to 50; 80 
B) 60 to 80; 120 
C) 90 to 110; 140 
D) 120 to 130; 150 
A) 30 to 50; 80 
B) 60 to 80; 120 
C) 90 to 110; 140 
D) 120 to 130; 150

Question 4

An infant's hemoglobin must fall below ___ g/dl before signs of pallor, tachycardia, and systolic murmurs occur.

Accepted Answer

A) 11 
B) 9 
C) 7 
D) 5 
A) 11 
B) 9 
C) 7 
D) 5

Question 5

Match the type of hemophilia with its characteristics. Terms may be used more than once.
-Caused by clotting factor VIII deficiency and an X-linked recessive trait

Accepted Answer

A) Hemophilia A 
B) Hemophilia B 
C) Hemophilia C 
D) von Willebrand disease 
A) Hemophilia A 
B) Hemophilia B 
C) Hemophilia C 
D) von Willebrand disease

Question 6

In beta-thalassemia major, most erythroblasts are destroyed in the spleen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What prevents kernicterus?

Accepted Answer

A) Administration of intravenous fluids to dilute the blood and remove the bilirubin through the kidneys faster 
B) Replacement transfusion of Rh-positive erythrocytes to prevent the deposit of bilirubin in the kidneys 
C) Performance of a splenectomy to prevent the destruction of abnormal erythrocytes 
D) Replacement transfusion of Rh-negative erythrocytes to prevent the deposit of bilirubin in the brain 
A) Administration of intravenous fluids to dilute the blood and remove the bilirubin through the kidneys faster 
B) Replacement transfusion of Rh-positive erythrocytes to prevent the deposit of bilirubin in the kidneys 
C) Performance of a splenectomy to prevent the destruction of abnormal erythrocytes 
D) Replacement transfusion of Rh-negative erythrocytes to prevent the deposit of bilirubin in the brain

Question 8

During HDN, the newborn develops hyperbilirubinemia after birth, but not in utero because:

Accepted Answer

A) excretion of unconjugated bilirubin through the placenta into the mother's circulation is no longer possible. 
B) hemoglobin does not break down into bilirubin in the intrauterine environment. 
C) the liver of the fetus is too immature to conjugate bilirubin from a lipid-soluble to water-soluble form. 
D) the destruction of erythrocytes producing bilirubin is greater after birth. 
A) excretion of unconjugated bilirubin through the placenta into the mother's circulation is no longer possible. 
B) hemoglobin does not break down into bilirubin in the intrauterine environment. 
C) the liver of the fetus is too immature to conjugate bilirubin from a lipid-soluble to water-soluble form. 
D) the destruction of erythrocytes producing bilirubin is greater after birth.

Question 9

Match the sickle cell crises with its description. Terms may be used more than once.
-Large amounts of blood become acutely pooled in the liver and spleen.

Accepted Answer

A) Vaso-occlusive crisis 
B) Aplastic crisis 
C) Sequestration crisis 
D) Hyperhemolytic crisis 
A) Vaso-occlusive crisis 
B) Aplastic crisis 
C) Sequestration crisis 
D) Hyperhemolytic crisis

Question 10

Erythroblastosis fetalis is defined as an:

Accepted Answer

A) allergic disease in which maternal blood and fetal blood are antigenically incompatible. 
B) alloimmune disease in which maternal blood and fetal blood are antigenically incompatible. 
C) autoimmune disease in immature nucleated cells that are released into the bloodstream. 
D) autosomal dominant hereditary disease. 
A) allergic disease in which maternal blood and fetal blood are antigenically incompatible. 
B) alloimmune disease in which maternal blood and fetal blood are antigenically incompatible. 
C) autoimmune disease in immature nucleated cells that are released into the bloodstream. 
D) autosomal dominant hereditary disease.

Question 11

Fetuses who do not survive anemia in utero are usually stillborn, with gross edema of the entire body, a condition called:

Accepted Answer

A) spherocytosis. 
B) icterus gravis neonatorum. 
C) erythroblastosis fetalis. 
D) hydrops fetalis. 
A) spherocytosis. 
B) icterus gravis neonatorum. 
C) erythroblastosis fetalis. 
D) hydrops fetalis.

Question 12

The alpha- and beta-thalassemias are inherited in an _____ fashion.

Accepted Answer

A) autosomal recessive 
B) autosomal dominant 
C) X-linked recessive 
D) X-linked dominant 
A) autosomal recessive 
B) autosomal dominant 
C) X-linked recessive 
D) X-linked dominant

Question 13

Polycythemia occurs in a fetus because:

Accepted Answer

A) fetal hemoglobin has a greater affinity for oxygen due to DPG. 
B) the fetus has a different hemoglobin structure of two α- and two γ-chains rather than two α-and two β-chains. 
C) there is increased erythropoiesis in response to the hypoxic intrauterine environment. 
D) the lungs of the fetus are undeveloped and unable to adequately diffuse oxygen to the pulmonary capillaries. 
A) fetal hemoglobin has a greater affinity for oxygen due to DPG. 
B) the fetus has a different hemoglobin structure of two α- and two γ-chains rather than two α-and two β-chains. 
C) there is increased erythropoiesis in response to the hypoxic intrauterine environment. 
D) the lungs of the fetus are undeveloped and unable to adequately diffuse oxygen to the pulmonary capillaries.

Question 14

In a developing embryo, erythrocyte production shifts from the vessel to the liver until the fifth month of gestation, when hematopoiesis begins to occur in the bone marrow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which disorder results in decreased erythrocytes and platelets with changes in leukocytes and has clinical manifestations of pallor, fatigue, petechiae, purpura, bleeding, and fever?

Accepted Answer

A) ITP 
B) Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) 
C) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) 
D) Iron deficiency anemia (ID
A)  
A) ITP 
B) Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) 
C) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) 
D) Iron deficiency anemia (ID
A)

Question 16

Hyperdiploidy is associated with a poor prognosis in leukemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Match the type of hemophilia with its characteristics. Terms may be used more than once.
-Caused by clotting factor VIII deficiency and an autosomal dominant trait

Accepted Answer

A) Hemophilia A 
B) Hemophilia B 
C) Hemophilia C 
D) von Willebrand disease 
A) Hemophilia A 
B) Hemophilia B 
C) Hemophilia C 
D) von Willebrand disease

Question 18

Characteristics of beta-thalassemia major include:

Accepted Answer

A) a heterozygous form of thalassemia. 
B) a defect in the uncoupling of α- and β-chain synthesis. 
C) a fatal condition in which all four beta-forming genes are defective. 
D) the development of Hb H when three genes are defective. 
A) a heterozygous form of thalassemia. 
B) a defect in the uncoupling of α- and β-chain synthesis. 
C) a fatal condition in which all four beta-forming genes are defective. 
D) the development of Hb H when three genes are defective.

Question 19

Sickle cell trait may provide protection against the lethal form of malaria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Match the type of hemophilia with its characteristics. Terms may be used more than once.
-Caused by clotting factor XI deficiency and an autosomal recessive trait

Accepted Answer

A) Hemophilia A 
B) Hemophilia B 
C) Hemophilia C 
D) von Willebrand disease 
A) Hemophilia A 
B) Hemophilia B 
C) Hemophilia C 
D) von Willebrand disease

Exam 28: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Hemolytic disease of the newborn can occur if the mother is:

Hemophilia B is caused by clotting factor _____ deficiency.

In a full-term infant, the normal erythrocyte life span is _____ days, whereas the adult is _____ days.

An infant's hemoglobin must fall below ___ g/dl before signs of pallor, tachycardia, and systolic murmurs occur.

Match the type of hemophilia with its characteristics. Terms may be used more than once. -Caused by clotting factor VIII deficiency and an X-linked recessive trait

In beta-thalassemia major, most erythroblasts are destroyed in the spleen.

What prevents kernicterus?

During HDN, the newborn develops hyperbilirubinemia after birth, but not in utero because:

Match the sickle cell crises with its description. Terms may be used more than once. -Large amounts of blood become acutely pooled in the liver and spleen.

Erythroblastosis fetalis is defined as an:

Fetuses who do not survive anemia in utero are usually stillborn, with gross edema of the entire body, a condition called:

The alpha- and beta-thalassemias are inherited in an _____ fashion.

Polycythemia occurs in a fetus because:

In a developing embryo, erythrocyte production shifts from the vessel to the liver until the fifth month of gestation, when hematopoiesis begins to occur in the bone marrow.

Which disorder results in decreased erythrocytes and platelets with changes in leukocytes and has clinical manifestations of pallor, fatigue, petechiae, purpura, bleeding, and fever?

Hyperdiploidy is associated with a poor prognosis in leukemia.

Match the type of hemophilia with its characteristics. Terms may be used more than once. -Caused by clotting factor VIII deficiency and an autosomal dominant trait

Characteristics of beta-thalassemia major include:

Sickle cell trait may provide protection against the lethal form of malaria.

Match the type of hemophilia with its characteristics. Terms may be used more than once. -Caused by clotting factor XI deficiency and an autosomal recessive trait

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Filters

In a full-term infant, the normal erythrocyte life span is _ days, whereas the adult is _ days.