Question 1

What is the name of the method of transport that uses transmembrane proteins with receptors that have a high degree of specificity for the substance being transported?

Accepted Answer

A) Active transport 
B) Mediated transport 
C) Transmembranous transport 
D) Passive transport 
A) Active transport 
B) Mediated transport 
C) Transmembranous transport 
D) Passive transport B

Question 2

How is passive transport described?

Accepted Answer

A) It is driven by osmosis, filtration, and diffusion. 
B) It involves receptors that can bind with substances being transported. 
C) It is capable of transporting macromolecules. 
D) It requires energy generated by the cell. 
A) It is driven by osmosis, filtration, and diffusion. 
B) It involves receptors that can bind with substances being transported. 
C) It is capable of transporting macromolecules. 
D) It requires energy generated by the cell. A

Question 3

The primary functions of the cell nucleus are cell division and control of genetic information.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

All body cells are electrically polarized, with the inside of the cell being more negatively charged than the outside.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Why is "osmolality" preferred over "osmolarity" as the measurement of osmotic activity in the clinical assessment of individuals?

Accepted Answer

A) Because plasma contains sodium and chloride, which influence the volume of solution 
B) Because the volume affects perfusion more than the weight of solutes 
C) Because more of the weight of plasma is influenced by solutes, such as protein and glucose, rather than by water 
D) Because osmotic activity depends on the concentration of solutes present in plasma, such as proteins and glucose 
A) Because plasma contains sodium and chloride, which influence the volume of solution 
B) Because the volume affects perfusion more than the weight of solutes 
C) Because more of the weight of plasma is influenced by solutes, such as protein and glucose, rather than by water 
D) Because osmotic activity depends on the concentration of solutes present in plasma, such as proteins and glucose

Question 6

Cellular reproduction is a process that:

Accepted Answer

A) often takes months or years to complete. 
B) typically has a short interphase. 
C) results in two diploid cells called daughter cells. 
D) involves the interaction of male and female cells. 
A) often takes months or years to complete. 
B) typically has a short interphase. 
C) results in two diploid cells called daughter cells. 
D) involves the interaction of male and female cells.

Question 7

The action of platelet-derived growth factor is to stimulate production of:

Accepted Answer

A) platelets. 
B) epidermal cells. 
C) connective tissue cells. 
D) fibroblast cells. 
A) platelets. 
B) epidermal cells. 
C) connective tissue cells. 
D) fibroblast cells.

Question 8

Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with other cells in direct physical contact?

Accepted Answer

A) Protein channel (gap junction) 
B) Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors) 
C) Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters 
D) Extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands 
A) Protein channel (gap junction) 
B) Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors) 
C) Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters 
D) Extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands

Question 9

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A) G₁ 
B) S 
C) G₂ 
D) M 
A) G₁ 
B) S 
C) G₂ 
D) M

Question 10

Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The chief function of ribosomes is to provide sites for lipid synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Provides energy to digest proteins into amino acids

Accepted Answer

A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Secretory vesicle 
D) Lysosomes 
A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Secretory vesicle 
D) Lysosomes

Question 13

What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) They provide growth factor for tissue growth and development. 
B) They block progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle. 
C) They restrain cell growth and development. 
D) They provide nutrients for cell growth and development. 
A) They provide growth factor for tissue growth and development. 
B) They block progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle. 
C) They restrain cell growth and development. 
D) They provide nutrients for cell growth and development.

Question 14

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Protein carrier

Accepted Answer

A) Passive-mediated transport 
B) Active-mediated transport 
C) Osmosis 
A) Passive-mediated transport 
B) Active-mediated transport 
C) Osmosis

Question 15

Under anaerobic conditions, the process of ______________ provides energy for the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidative phosphorylation 
B) glycolysis 
C) lactolysis 
D) passive transport 
A) oxidative phosphorylation 
B) glycolysis 
C) lactolysis 
D) passive transport

Question 16

Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up, destroyed or immobilized?

Accepted Answer

A) Paracrine signaling 
B) Autocrine signaling 
C) Neurotransmitter signaling 
D) Hormone signaling 
A) Paracrine signaling 
B) Autocrine signaling 
C) Neurotransmitter signaling 
D) Hormone signaling

Question 17

What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane. 
B) The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated membrane to the cell membrane. 
C) The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane. 
D) The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane. 
A) The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane. 
B) The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated membrane to the cell membrane. 
C) The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane. 
D) The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane.

Question 18

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by a lack of a distinct nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells have intracellular compartments bordered by membranes and a well-defined nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary is an example of which process of fluid movement?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrostatic pressure 
B) Osmosis 
C) Diffusion 
D) Active transport 
A) Hydrostatic pressure 
B) Osmosis 
C) Diffusion 
D) Active transport

Question 20

Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Ribosome 
B) Golgi complex 
C) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D) Lysosomes 
A) Ribosome 
B) Golgi complex 
C) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D) Lysosomes

Exam 1: Cellular Biology

What is the name of the method of transport that uses transmembrane proteins with receptors that have a high degree of specificity for the substance being transported?

How is passive transport described?

The primary functions of the cell nucleus are cell division and control of genetic information.

All body cells are electrically polarized, with the inside of the cell being more negatively charged than the outside.

Why is "osmolality" preferred over "osmolarity" as the measurement of osmotic activity in the clinical assessment of individuals?

Cellular reproduction is a process that:

The action of platelet-derived growth factor is to stimulate production of:

Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with other cells in direct physical contact?

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?

Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis.

The chief function of ribosomes is to provide sites for lipid synthesis.

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Provides energy to digest proteins into amino acids

What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Protein carrier

Under anaerobic conditions, the process of ______________ provides energy for the cell.

Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up, destroyed or immobilized?

What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell?

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by a lack of a distinct nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells have intracellular compartments bordered by membranes and a well-defined nucleus.

The movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary is an example of which process of fluid movement?

Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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