Question 1

People with cystic fibrosis have fat in their stools because:

Accepted Answer

A) their bile ducts are obstructed with mucus that prohibits the release of bile. 
B) they cannot metabolize fat-soluble vitamins. 
C) they have a deficiency of pancreatic lipase. 
D) of fat malabsorption in their jejunum. 
A) their bile ducts are obstructed with mucus that prohibits the release of bile. 
B) they cannot metabolize fat-soluble vitamins. 
C) they have a deficiency of pancreatic lipase. 
D) of fat malabsorption in their jejunum.

Question 2

The primary cause of intrahepatic portal hypertension in children is cirrhosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Celiac sprue

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Question 4

Increased gastrin secretion by the mother in the last trimester of pregnancy may cause:

Accepted Answer

A) pyloric stenosis. 
B) meconium ileus. 
C) esophageal atresia. 
D) galactosemia. 
A) pyloric stenosis. 
B) meconium ileus. 
C) esophageal atresia. 
D) galactosemia.

Question 5

In at least 50% of infants with esophageal defects, other congenital anomalies are present as well.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

An intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon collapsing through the ileocecal valve is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) congenital aganglionic megacolon. 
B) malrotation. 
C) intussusception. 
D) volvulus. 
A) congenital aganglionic megacolon. 
B) malrotation. 
C) intussusception. 
D) volvulus.

Question 7

Children with hepatitis A develop jaundice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Cirrhosis causes intrahepatic portal hypertension in children as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A) fibrosis increasing resistance to blood flow within the portal system. 
B) increased pressure from the twisting of the common bile ducts. 
C) development of collateral circulation within the portal system. 
D) shunting of fluid to the spleen or abdomen. 
A) fibrosis increasing resistance to blood flow within the portal system. 
B) increased pressure from the twisting of the common bile ducts. 
C) development of collateral circulation within the portal system. 
D) shunting of fluid to the spleen or abdomen.

Question 9

Clinical signs of portal hypertension include:

Accepted Answer

A) right heart failure. 
B) pulmonary edema. 
C) splenomegaly. 
D) diarrhea. 
A) right heart failure. 
B) pulmonary edema. 
C) splenomegaly. 
D) diarrhea.

Question 10

Cystic fibrosis is directly responsible for complications to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Muscles and bones 
B) Kidneys and bladder 
C) Lymph nodes and spleen 
D) Cervix and liver 
A) Muscles and bones 
B) Kidneys and bladder 
C) Lymph nodes and spleen 
D) Cervix and liver

Question 11

Which disorder is characterized by an increase in the percentages in T cells and complement together with IgA and IgM antigliadin antibodies found in jejunum fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) Wilson disease 
B) Cystic fibrosis 
C) Gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac sprue) 
D) Galactosemia 
A) Wilson disease 
B) Cystic fibrosis 
C) Gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac sprue) 
D) Galactosemia

Question 12

Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease) involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of the _____ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) central 
B) parasympathetic 
C) sympathetic 
D) somatic 
A) central 
B) parasympathetic 
C) sympathetic 
D) somatic

Question 13

Increased bilirubin production, impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin, and reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine can each lead to:

Accepted Answer

A) pathologic jaundice of the newborn. 
B) physiologic jaundice of the newborn. 
C) hepatitis A. 
D) infantile cirrhosis. 
A) pathologic jaundice of the newborn. 
B) physiologic jaundice of the newborn. 
C) hepatitis A. 
D) infantile cirrhosis.

Question 14

_____ is a condition in which the developing colon remains in the upper right quadrant instead of moving to its normal location.

Accepted Answer

A) Intestinal malrotation 
B) Ileocecal displacement 
C) Duodenal obstruction 
D) Pyloric stenosis 
A) Intestinal malrotation 
B) Ileocecal displacement 
C) Duodenal obstruction 
D) Pyloric stenosis

Question 15

Prolonged diarrhea is more severe in children than in adults because:

Accepted Answer

A) less water is absorbed from the colon in children. 
B) fluid reserves are smaller in children. 
C) children have a higher fluid volume intake. 
D) children have diarrhea more often than do adults. 
A) less water is absorbed from the colon in children. 
B) fluid reserves are smaller in children. 
C) children have a higher fluid volume intake. 
D) children have diarrhea more often than do adults.

Question 16

An infant suddenly develops abdominal pain, becomes irritable (colicky), and draws up the knees.Vomiting occurs soon afterward.The mother reports that after the infant passed a normal stool, the stools look like currant jelly.Based on these data, which disorder does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

A) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
B) Intussusception 
C) Malrotation 
D) Volvulus 
A) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
B) Intussusception 
C) Malrotation 
D) Volvulus

Question 17

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Hirschsprung disease

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Question 18

Incomplete fusion of the nasomedial or intermaxillary process during the fourth week of embryonic development causes:

Accepted Answer

A) cleft palate. 
B) sinus dysfunction. 
C) cleft lip. 
D) esophageal malformation. 
A) cleft palate. 
B) sinus dysfunction. 
C) cleft lip. 
D) esophageal malformation.

Question 19

Wilson disease is a rare autosomal recessive disease affecting copper metabolism in children and young adults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The causes of physiologic jaundice in a newborn include:

Accepted Answer

A) reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine. 
B) impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin. 
C) increased bilirubin production. 
D) mild conjugated (indirect-reacting) hyperbilirubinemia. 
A) reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine. 
B) impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin. 
C) increased bilirubin production. 
D) mild conjugated (indirect-reacting) hyperbilirubinemia.

Exam 40: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

People with cystic fibrosis have fat in their stools because:

The primary cause of intrahepatic portal hypertension in children is cirrhosis.

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Celiac sprue

Increased gastrin secretion by the mother in the last trimester of pregnancy may cause:

In at least 50% of infants with esophageal defects, other congenital anomalies are present as well.

An intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon collapsing through the ileocecal valve is an example of a(n):

Children with hepatitis A develop jaundice.

Cirrhosis causes intrahepatic portal hypertension in children as a result of:

Clinical signs of portal hypertension include:

Cystic fibrosis is directly responsible for complications to which of the following?

Which disorder is characterized by an increase in the percentages in T cells and complement together with IgA and IgM antigliadin antibodies found in jejunum fluid?

Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease) involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of the _____ nervous system.

Increased bilirubin production, impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin, and reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine can each lead to:

_____ is a condition in which the developing colon remains in the upper right quadrant instead of moving to its normal location.

Prolonged diarrhea is more severe in children than in adults because:

An infant suddenly develops abdominal pain, becomes irritable (colicky), and draws up the knees.Vomiting occurs soon afterward.The mother reports that after the infant passed a normal stool, the stools look like currant jelly.Based on these data, which disorder does the nurse suspect?

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Hirschsprung disease

Incomplete fusion of the nasomedial or intermaxillary process during the fourth week of embryonic development causes:

Wilson disease is a rare autosomal recessive disease affecting copper metabolism in children and young adults.

The causes of physiologic jaundice in a newborn include:

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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