Exam 2: Seciton 3: Beginnings: Theories of Development

The developmental theories of psychoanalytic theory, behaviorism, and cognitive theory are considered "grand" because they are _____.

Jimmy watches his friend kick a soccer ball into the goal. Later that day, Jimmy finds a soccer ball and proceeds to kick it into the goal. Jimmy most likely engaged in the same behavior as his friend due to _____.

Which of these is the sequential order of Piaget's four stages of cognitive development?

When a person or animal learns to associate a neutral stimulus with a meaningful stimulus, gradually responding to the neutral stimulus in the same way as to the meaningful one, they are exhibiting _____.

Hannah theorized that sleep helps people act in safer ways. She tested her theory by conducting an experiment. She manipulated the amount of sleep participants got and then tested participants' driving ability. Hannah learned that participants who got more sleep were safer drivers. In this example, Hannah's theory led her to _____.

A state of mental balance in which people are not confused because they can use their existing thought processes to understand current experiences and ideas is called _____.

Within the context of Maslow's hierarchy, a person who is hungry and stops at a restaurant to eat is focused on a(n) _____.

Sally is helping her mom make a cake. Her mom helps her pick out the right ingredients, measure them, and mix them together. According to Vygotsky, Sally is engaging in _____.

Within Maslow's hierarchy, the correct order of needs from lowest to highest is _____.

Psychoanalytic theory originated with _____.

Within Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, each of the developmental stages is characterized by a particular challenge or _____.

A perspective that compares human thinking processes, by analogy, to computer analysis of data is _____.

Different theories and diverse parental practices are associated with toilet training. According to the text, what is the best method for toilet training?

Which is the correct order of the stages of Freud's psychosexual theory, beginning with infancy and ending with the preschool years?

The sociocultural approach to understanding development often focuses on differences among people. Sociocultural scientists focus on differences in all of the following areas EXCEPT _____.

A _____ is an average or usual event or experience.

Within Vygotsky's zone of proximal development, the novice should do all of the following to guide and inspire the more skilled member of society EXCEPT _____.

According to evolutionary theory, people _____.

The so-called "new" theories, unlike the grand theories, are multicultural and multidisciplinary. _____ theory, for example, draws on education, anthropology, and history.