Question 1

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Facilitated diffusion

Accepted Answer

A) Passive-mediated transport 
B) Active-mediated transport 
C) Osmosis 
A) Passive-mediated transport 
B) Active-mediated transport 
C) Osmosis

Question 2

What prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrate chains 
B) Glycoprotein channels 
C) Membrane channel proteins 
D) Phospholipid bilayer 
A) Carbohydrate chains 
B) Glycoprotein channels 
C) Membrane channel proteins 
D) Phospholipid bilayer

Question 3

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A) Potassium gates open and potassium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
B) Sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
C) Sodium gates close allowing potassium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative. 
D) Potassium gates close allowing sodium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative. 
A) Potassium gates open and potassium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
B) Sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
C) Sodium gates close allowing potassium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative. 
D) Potassium gates close allowing sodium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative.

Question 4

Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Lysosomes 
B) Peroxisome 
C) Ribosomes 
D) Oxyhydrosomes 
A) Lysosomes 
B) Peroxisome 
C) Ribosomes 
D) Oxyhydrosomes

Question 5

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Packages and transports proteins

Accepted Answer

A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Secretory vesicle 
D) Lysosomes 
A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Secretory vesicle 
D) Lysosomes

Question 6

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Movement of water

Accepted Answer

A) Passive-mediated transport 
B) Active-mediated transport 
C) Osmosis 
A) Passive-mediated transport 
B) Active-mediated transport 
C) Osmosis

Question 7

Diffusion is an example of active transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What occurs during exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Macromolecules can be secreted across eukaryotic cell membranes. 
B) All substances are secreted into the cellular matrix. 
C) No repairs in the plasma membrane can take place. 
D) Solute molecules flow freely into and out of the cell. 
A) Macromolecules can be secreted across eukaryotic cell membranes. 
B) All substances are secreted into the cellular matrix. 
C) No repairs in the plasma membrane can take place. 
D) Solute molecules flow freely into and out of the cell.

Question 9

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Synthesizes and transports lipids

Accepted Answer

A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Secretory vesicle 
D) Lysosomes 
A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Secretory vesicle 
D) Lysosomes

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells can produce proteins. 
B) Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. 
C) Cells can take in and use nutrients. 
D) Cells can synthesize fats. 
A) Cells can produce proteins. 
B) Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. 
C) Cells can take in and use nutrients. 
D) Cells can synthesize fats.

Question 11

When a second message is necessary for extracellular communication to be activated, it is provided by:

Accepted Answer

A) guanosine triphosphate (GTP). 
B) adenosine monophosphate (AMP). 
C) adenosine triphosphate (ATP). 
D) guanosine diphosphate (GDP). 
A) guanosine triphosphate (GTP). 
B) adenosine monophosphate (AMP). 
C) adenosine triphosphate (ATP). 
D) guanosine diphosphate (GDP).

Question 12

What are the major chemical components of the cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A) Lipids and proteins 
B) Sodium and potassium ions 
C) Carbohydrates and water 
D) DNA and RNA 
A) Lipids and proteins 
B) Sodium and potassium ions 
C) Carbohydrates and water 
D) DNA and RNA

Question 13

In cirrhosis, how does cholesterol alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen. 
B) Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which reduces its ability to carry hemoglobin. 
C) Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which allows binding of excess glucose. 
D) Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which prolongs it life span beyond 120 days. 
A) Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen. 
B) Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which reduces its ability to carry hemoglobin. 
C) Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which allows binding of excess glucose. 
D) Cholesterol increases the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, which prolongs it life span beyond 120 days.

Question 14

Most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria. 
B) ribosome. 
C) nucleolus. 
D) lysosome 
A) mitochondria. 
B) ribosome. 
C) nucleolus. 
D) lysosome

Question 15

Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades such as caspase-mediated apoptosis and complement cascade may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiac and vascular disorders 
B) Autoimmune and malignant disorders 
C) Gastrointestinal and renal disorders 
D) Endocrine disorders 
A) Cardiac and vascular disorders 
B) Autoimmune and malignant disorders 
C) Gastrointestinal and renal disorders 
D) Endocrine disorders

Question 16

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once.
-Fuses with the plasma membrane to release contents from the cell

Accepted Answer

A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Secretory vesicle 
D) Lysosomes 
A) Endoplasmic reticulum 
B) Ribosome 
C) Secretory vesicle 
D) Lysosomes

Question 17

Which cells, if any, lose their ability to replicate and divide?

Accepted Answer

A) None; all cells have the ability to replicate and divide. 
B) Cells of the lung and intestinal tract 
C) Cells of the skin 
D) Cells of the lens of the eye and skeletal muscle 
A) None; all cells have the ability to replicate and divide. 
B) Cells of the lung and intestinal tract 
C) Cells of the skin 
D) Cells of the lens of the eye and skeletal muscle

Question 18

How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

Accepted Answer

A) By passive electrolyte channels 
B) By coupled channels 
C) By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) 
D) By diffusion 
A) By passive electrolyte channels 
B) By coupled channels 
C) By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) 
D) By diffusion

Question 19

How is the transport of glucose from the blood to the cell accomplished?

Accepted Answer

A) By active-mediated transport (active transport) 
B) By active diffusion 
C) By passive osmosis 
D) By passive-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion) 
A) By active-mediated transport (active transport) 
B) By active diffusion 
C) By passive osmosis 
D) By passive-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion)

Question 20

Active transport occurs across membranes that:

Accepted Answer

A) have a higher concentration of the solute on the outside of the cell. 
B) are semipermeable to water and small electrically uncharged molecules. 
C) have receptors that are capable of binding with the substances to be transported. 
D) have a cell membrane that is hydrophobic rather than hydrophilic. 
A) have a higher concentration of the solute on the outside of the cell. 
B) are semipermeable to water and small electrically uncharged molecules. 
C) have receptors that are capable of binding with the substances to be transported. 
D) have a cell membrane that is hydrophobic rather than hydrophilic.

Exam 1: Cellular Biology

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Facilitated diffusion

What prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Packages and transports proteins

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Movement of water

Diffusion is an example of active transport.

What occurs during exocytosis?

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Synthesizes and transports lipids

Which of the following best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?

When a second message is necessary for extracellular communication to be activated, it is provided by:

What are the major chemical components of the cell membranes?

In cirrhosis, how does cholesterol alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane of erythrocytes?

Most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:

Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades such as caspase-mediated apoptosis and complement cascade may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?

Match the structure with its function. Answers may be used more than once. -Fuses with the plasma membrane to release contents from the cell

Which cells, if any, lose their ability to replicate and divide?

How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

How is the transport of glucose from the blood to the cell accomplished?

Active transport occurs across membranes that:

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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