Question 1

Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to:

Accepted Answer

A) lipids. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) amphipathic lipids. 
D) receptors. 
A) lipids. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) amphipathic lipids. 
D) receptors.

Question 2

How do cells receive communication from the extracellular fluid surrounding them?

Accepted Answer

A) Protein channel (gap junction) 
B) Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors) 
C) Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters 
D) Chemical messengers such as ligands 
A) Protein channel (gap junction) 
B) Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors) 
C) Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters 
D) Chemical messengers such as ligands

Question 3

What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates, proteins and lipids is transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

Accepted Answer

A) Anaerobic glycolysis 
B) Oxidative cellular metabolism 
C) Oxidative phosphorylation 
D) Tricarboxylic acid phosphorylation 
A) Anaerobic glycolysis 
B) Oxidative cellular metabolism 
C) Oxidative phosphorylation 
D) Tricarboxylic acid phosphorylation

Question 4

If cells are deprived of communication from extracellular chemical messengers, most cells experience apoptosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Using the fluid mosaic model, a cell is actively capable of protecting itself against injurious agents by:

Accepted Answer

A) closing down the membrane transport channels to hormones and chemicals. 
B) altering the number and patterns of receptors to bacteria, antibodies, and chemicals. 
C) increasing the number and sensitivity of lysosomes to destroy bacteria. 
D) shifting the bilayer from hydrophobic to hydrophilic in response to antibodies. 
A) closing down the membrane transport channels to hormones and chemicals. 
B) altering the number and patterns of receptors to bacteria, antibodies, and chemicals. 
C) increasing the number and sensitivity of lysosomes to destroy bacteria. 
D) shifting the bilayer from hydrophobic to hydrophilic in response to antibodies.

Question 6

Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Because potassium has a greater concentration in the intracellular fluid (ICF) 
B) Because sodium has a greater concentration in the extracellular fluid (ECF) 
C) Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium 
D) Because there is an excess of anions inside the cell 
A) Because potassium has a greater concentration in the intracellular fluid (ICF) 
B) Because sodium has a greater concentration in the extracellular fluid (ECF) 
C) Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium 
D) Because there is an excess of anions inside the cell

Question 7

Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication to cells some distance away?

Accepted Answer

A) Paracrine signaling 
B) Autocrine signaling 
C) Neurotransmitter signaling 
D) Hormone signaling 
A) Paracrine signaling 
B) Autocrine signaling 
C) Neurotransmitter signaling 
D) Hormone signaling

Question 8

What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?

Accepted Answer

A) Lipids 
B) Proteolytic cascade 
C) Proteins 
D) Carbohydrates 
A) Lipids 
B) Proteolytic cascade 
C) Proteins 
D) Carbohydrates

Question 9

Lysosomes remain fully active by maintaining an acid pH created by pumping hydrogen ions into their interiors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is to store energy in molecules of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, but not to transfer energy from one molecule to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The fluid mosaic model explains:

Accepted Answer

A) how a cell membrane functions. 
B) why our bodies appear to be solid. 
C) how tissue is differentiated. 
D) how fluid moves between the intracellular and extracellular compartments. 
A) how a cell membrane functions. 
B) why our bodies appear to be solid. 
C) how tissue is differentiated. 
D) how fluid moves between the intracellular and extracellular compartments.

Question 12

A patient who has diarrhea receives a 3% saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool.What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells will become hydrated. 
B) Cells will swell or burst. 
C) Cells will shrink. 
D) Cells will divide. 
A) Cells will become hydrated. 
B) Cells will swell or burst. 
C) Cells will shrink. 
D) Cells will divide.

Question 13

Lipids and proteins are the major components of the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The cellular uptake of cholesterol depends on:

Accepted Answer

A) receptor-mediated exocytosis. 
B) antiport system. 
C) receptor-mediated endocytosis. 
D) passive transport. 
A) receptor-mediated exocytosis. 
B) antiport system. 
C) receptor-mediated endocytosis. 
D) passive transport.

Exam 1: Cellular Biology

Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to:

How do cells receive communication from the extracellular fluid surrounding them?

What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates, proteins and lipids is transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

If cells are deprived of communication from extracellular chemical messengers, most cells experience apoptosis.

Using the fluid mosaic model, a cell is actively capable of protecting itself against injurious agents by:

Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication to cells some distance away?

What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?

Lysosomes remain fully active by maintaining an acid pH created by pumping hydrogen ions into their interiors.

The function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is to store energy in molecules of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, but not to transfer energy from one molecule to another.

The fluid mosaic model explains:

A patient who has diarrhea receives a 3% saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool.What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

Lipids and proteins are the major components of the plasma membrane.

The cellular uptake of cholesterol depends on:

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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