Question 1

The most significant risk factors for the development of thrombus formation are referred to as the Virchow triad and include:

Accepted Answer

A) endothelial injury to blood vessels. 
B) turbulent arterial blood flow. 
C) rapid coagulation of the blood. 
D) stagnant venous blood flow. 
E) history of obesity. 
A) endothelial injury to blood vessels. 
B) turbulent arterial blood flow. 
C) rapid coagulation of the blood. 
D) stagnant venous blood flow. 
E) history of obesity.

Question 2

Early detection of acute leukemia would include which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A) Dizziness, dehydration, palpitations, hypotension 
B) Dyspnea, paresthesia, malaise 
C) Bradycardia, abdominal pain, fever 
D) Bruising, fatigue, bone pain, anorexia 
A) Dizziness, dehydration, palpitations, hypotension 
B) Dyspnea, paresthesia, malaise 
C) Bradycardia, abdominal pain, fever 
D) Bruising, fatigue, bone pain, anorexia

Question 3

Local signs and symptoms of Hodgkin disease-related lymphadenopathy is a result of:

Accepted Answer

A) pressure and ischemia. 
B) pressure and obstruction. 
C) inflammation and ischemia. 
D) inflammation and pressure. 
A) pressure and ischemia. 
B) pressure and obstruction. 
C) inflammation and ischemia. 
D) inflammation and pressure.

Question 4

Which electrolyte imbalance accompanies multiple myeloma (MM)?

Accepted Answer

A) Hyperkalemia 
B) Hypercalcemia 
C) Hyperphosphatemia 
D) Hypernatremia 
A) Hyperkalemia 
B) Hypercalcemia 
C) Hyperphosphatemia 
D) Hypernatremia

Question 5

In infectious mononucleosis (IM), what does the Monospot test detect?

Accepted Answer

A) IgE 
B) IgM 
C) IgG 
D) IgA 
A) IgE 
B) IgM 
C) IgG 
D) IgA

Question 6

A patient with a bleeding disorder has a red-purple discoloration caused by diffuse hemorrhage into skin tissues.The nurse documents this discoloration as:

Accepted Answer

A) petechiae. 
B) hematoma. 
C) ecchymosis. 
D) purpura. 
A) petechiae. 
B) hematoma. 
C) ecchymosis. 
D) purpura.

Question 7

A 20-year-old is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis (IM).Which of the following is one of the classic clinical manifestations?

Accepted Answer

A) Lymph node enlargement 
B) Hepatitis 
C) Rash on the trunk and extremities 
D) Edema in the area of the eyes 
A) Lymph node enlargement 
B) Hepatitis 
C) Rash on the trunk and extremities 
D) Edema in the area of the eyes

Question 8

_____ is the virus associated with Burkitt lymphoma in African children.

Accepted Answer

A) Cytomegalovirus 
B) Adenovirus 
C) Human papillomavirus 
D) Epstein-Barr virus 
A) Cytomegalovirus 
B) Adenovirus 
C) Human papillomavirus 
D) Epstein-Barr virus

Question 9

DIC is a paradoxical condition in which clotting and hemorrhage occur within the vascular system simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the most common cause of vitamin K deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) Administration of warfarin (Coumadin) 
B) Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with antibiotic therapy 
C) An IgG-mediated autoimmune disorder 
D) Liver failure 
A) Administration of warfarin (Coumadin) 
B) Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with antibiotic therapy 
C) An IgG-mediated autoimmune disorder 
D) Liver failure

Question 11

One of the most common causes of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is sepsis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is a description consistent with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)?

Accepted Answer

A) There are defects in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein. 
B) The bone marrow and peripheral blood are characterized by leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells. As the immature blasts increase, they replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. 
C) There is failure of B cells to mature into plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulins. 
D) The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an abnormal, fused protein identified as BCR-ABL. 
A) There are defects in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein. 
B) The bone marrow and peripheral blood are characterized by leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells. As the immature blasts increase, they replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. 
C) There is failure of B cells to mature into plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulins. 
D) The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an abnormal, fused protein identified as BCR-ABL.

Question 13

Match the descriptions with the platelet disorders.
-Acute idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Accepted Answer

A) Thrombi composed of platelets with minimal fibrin and erythrocytes that occlude arterioles and capillaries 
B) Causes ischemic signs and symptoms in the central nervous system 
C) Caused by an alteration of multipotent stem cells, resulting in an excess production of platelets 
D) Antibody-coated platelets removed from circulation by mononuclear phagocytes in the spleen 
A) Thrombi composed of platelets with minimal fibrin and erythrocytes that occlude arterioles and capillaries 
B) Causes ischemic signs and symptoms in the central nervous system 
C) Caused by an alteration of multipotent stem cells, resulting in an excess production of platelets 
D) Antibody-coated platelets removed from circulation by mononuclear phagocytes in the spleen

Question 14

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma may be associated with Epstein Barr virus or HIV.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A shift to the left describes the premature release of immature neutrophils when the demand for mature neutrophils exceeds the supply.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Arterial thrombi are composed of erythrocytes with larger amounts of fibrin and very few platelets, whereas venous thrombi are composed of mostly platelets held together by fibrin strands.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In DIC, what are indications of microvascular thrombosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduced amplitude in peripheral pulses 
B) Symmetric cyanosis of fingers and toes 
C) Numbness and tingling in fingers and toes 
D) Pallor and edema of fingers and toes bilaterally 
A) Reduced amplitude in peripheral pulses 
B) Symmetric cyanosis of fingers and toes 
C) Numbness and tingling in fingers and toes 
D) Pallor and edema of fingers and toes bilaterally

Question 18

Which proinflammatory cytokines are responsible for the development and maintenance of DIC?

Accepted Answer

A) Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF); IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10; and IFN-g 
B) Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); IL-3, IL-5, and IL-9, and IFN-g 
C) Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF); IL-7, IL-11, and IL-14; and PAF 
D) TNF-a; IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8; and PAF 
A) Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF); IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10; and IFN-g 
B) Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); IL-3, IL-5, and IL-9, and IFN-g 
C) Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF); IL-7, IL-11, and IL-14; and PAF 
D) TNF-a; IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8; and PAF

Question 19

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a(n) _____ condition in adults and a(n) _____ condition in children.

Accepted Answer

A) acute; acute 
B) chronic; chronic 
C) acute; chronic 
D) chronic; acute 
A) acute; acute 
B) chronic; chronic 
C) acute; chronic 
D) chronic; acute

Question 20

Which of the following is a description consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)?

Accepted Answer

A) There are defects in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein. 
B) The bone marrow and peripheral blood are characterized by leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells. As the immature blasts increase, they replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. 
C) There is failure of B cells to mature into plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulins. 
D) The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an abnormal, fused protein identified as BCR-ABL. 
A) There are defects in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein. 
B) The bone marrow and peripheral blood are characterized by leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells. As the immature blasts increase, they replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. 
C) There is failure of B cells to mature into plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulins. 
D) The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an abnormal, fused protein identified as BCR-ABL.

Exam 27: Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

The most significant risk factors for the development of thrombus formation are referred to as the Virchow triad and include:

Early detection of acute leukemia would include which of the following symptoms?

Local signs and symptoms of Hodgkin disease-related lymphadenopathy is a result of:

Which electrolyte imbalance accompanies multiple myeloma (MM)?

In infectious mononucleosis (IM), what does the Monospot test detect?

A patient with a bleeding disorder has a red-purple discoloration caused by diffuse hemorrhage into skin tissues.The nurse documents this discoloration as:

A 20-year-old is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis (IM).Which of the following is one of the classic clinical manifestations?

_____ is the virus associated with Burkitt lymphoma in African children.

DIC is a paradoxical condition in which clotting and hemorrhage occur within the vascular system simultaneously.

What is the most common cause of vitamin K deficiency?

One of the most common causes of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is sepsis.

Which of the following is a description consistent with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)?

Match the descriptions with the platelet disorders. -Acute idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma may be associated with Epstein Barr virus or HIV.

A shift to the left describes the premature release of immature neutrophils when the demand for mature neutrophils exceeds the supply.

Arterial thrombi are composed of erythrocytes with larger amounts of fibrin and very few platelets, whereas venous thrombi are composed of mostly platelets held together by fibrin strands.

In DIC, what are indications of microvascular thrombosis?

Which proinflammatory cytokines are responsible for the development and maintenance of DIC?

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a(n) _____ condition in adults and a(n) _____ condition in children.

Which of the following is a description consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Filters

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a(n) _ condition in adults and a(n) _ condition in children.