Question 1

If an ovary contains 50 ovules,what is the minimum number of pollen grains that must land in order to form 50 mature seeds?

Accepted Answer

A) 25 
B) 50 
C) 100 
D) It is impossible to tell. 
A) 25 
B) 50 
C) 100 
D) It is impossible to tell. B

Question 2

Mosses and ferns tend to be most abundant in warm,moist climates.Why do mosses and ferns have problems with reproduction in deserts?

Accepted Answer

A) Their pollen is not resistant to desiccation. 
B) Their seeds are not resistant to desiccation. 
C) Their sperm must swim for fertilization to occur. 
D) Their ovules must swim for fertilization to occur. 
A) Their pollen is not resistant to desiccation. 
B) Their seeds are not resistant to desiccation. 
C) Their sperm must swim for fertilization to occur. 
D) Their ovules must swim for fertilization to occur. C

Question 3

A researcher found a beautiful plant while traveling in Alaska and collected its seeds.When she came back to Florida,she soaked some seeds in pure water and some in water with hormone gibberellin.When she put seeds to grow in soil,only seeds soaked with gibberellin germinated.The seeds that were soaked in pure water did not germinate because of the

Accepted Answer

A) presence of pericarp. 
B) low concentration of ABA. 
C) absence of nutrients in pure water. 
D) Any of the above might have reduced germination rate. 
A) presence of pericarp. 
B) low concentration of ABA. 
C) absence of nutrients in pure water. 
D) Any of the above might have reduced germination rate. D

Question 4

It is possible to make seedless tomatoes by removing the anthers of the flower and putting a hormone (auxin)on the stigma of the tomato flower.Weekly applications are required.Over the course of development,the stigma and style fall off,and the ovary develops into a normal-looking tomato with no seeds.Normally,seed and fruit formation are coordinated using hormone signaling.What does the application of auxin indicate?

Accepted Answer

A) The stigma of a tomato flower produces auxin that is necessary for pollination. 
B) Pollen is not usually required to make fruits. 
C) Applied auxin must substitute for an auxin source in a developing seed. 
D) All of the above answers apply. 
A) The stigma of a tomato flower produces auxin that is necessary for pollination. 
B) Pollen is not usually required to make fruits. 
C) Applied auxin must substitute for an auxin source in a developing seed. 
D) All of the above answers apply.

Question 5

What is the male gametophyte made of?

Accepted Answer

A) polar nuclei and embryo sac 
B) polar nuclei and tube cell 
C) generative cell and two gametes 
D) generative cell and tube cell 
E) microspores 
A) polar nuclei and embryo sac 
B) polar nuclei and tube cell 
C) generative cell and two gametes 
D) generative cell and tube cell 
E) microspores

Question 6

You find a fruit that has little hooks around the outside of the pericarp.You can assume that ________ is/are the pollinator.

Accepted Answer

A) wind 
B) birds 
C) mammals 
D) cannot answer based on the information given 
A) wind 
B) birds 
C) mammals 
D) cannot answer based on the information given

Question 7

What is an essential part of alternation of generations in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) meiosis to produce gametes 
B) meiosis to produce zygotes 
C) mitosis to produce gametes 
D) fertilization to produce spores 
E) fertilization to produce gametes 
A) meiosis to produce gametes 
B) meiosis to produce zygotes 
C) mitosis to produce gametes 
D) fertilization to produce spores 
E) fertilization to produce gametes

Question 8

Suppose that 100 pollen grains land on a stigma,and 50 mature seeds are formed in the fruit.What does this indicate about the pollination process and success?

Accepted Answer

A) 50% success: 100 pollen grains grew to 50 ovules,and double fertilization occurred 
B) 50% success: evidently,only 50 sperm pollinated 50 anthers 
C) 50% success: 50 sperm fertilized 50 eggs,and 50 sperm fused with 50 polar nuclei 
D) 50% success: 50 sperm fertilized 50 eggs,and 50 sperm fused with 100 polar nuclei 
A) 50% success: 100 pollen grains grew to 50 ovules,and double fertilization occurred 
B) 50% success: evidently,only 50 sperm pollinated 50 anthers 
C) 50% success: 50 sperm fertilized 50 eggs,and 50 sperm fused with 50 polar nuclei 
D) 50% success: 50 sperm fertilized 50 eggs,and 50 sperm fused with 100 polar nuclei

Question 9

The flowering hormone is made in ________ and alters development of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) flowers;leaves 
B) flowers;root meristem 
C) leaves;apical meristem 
D) leaves;flowers 
E) roots;flowers 
A) flowers;leaves 
B) flowers;root meristem 
C) leaves;apical meristem 
D) leaves;flowers 
E) roots;flowers

Question 10

Unripe fruits protect seeds from predation and early germination.What is the major function of ripe fruits?

Accepted Answer

A) attracting pollinators 
B) dispersing seed 
C) deterring predators 
D) keeping the seed hydrated before germination 
A) attracting pollinators 
B) dispersing seed 
C) deterring predators 
D) keeping the seed hydrated before germination

Question 11

Whitebark pine frequently grows in clumps of 3-4.That growth pattern indicates

Accepted Answer

A) one seed can branch repeatedly to form several seedlings. 
B) more than one seed germinates,and sibling seedlings are produced in one cache. 
C) bears and squirrels move seeds into one cache. 
A) one seed can branch repeatedly to form several seedlings. 
B) more than one seed germinates,and sibling seedlings are produced in one cache. 
C) bears and squirrels move seeds into one cache.

Question 12

It is estimated that animal- or insect-pollinated plants produce 1000 pollen grains for each ovule;wind-pollinated plants produce 1,000,000 pollen grains for each ovule.What does that indicate about pollination systems?

Accepted Answer

A) Wind-pollinated plants rarely produce seeds. 
B) Wind pollination is more efficient than animal-assisted pollination. 
C) Wind pollination is less efficient than animal-assisted pollination. 
D) Wind pollination is costlier to the plant than animal-assisted pollination. 
A) Wind-pollinated plants rarely produce seeds. 
B) Wind pollination is more efficient than animal-assisted pollination. 
C) Wind pollination is less efficient than animal-assisted pollination. 
D) Wind pollination is costlier to the plant than animal-assisted pollination.

Question 13

Which of the following correctly identifies the function of the flower part named?

Accepted Answer

A) Sepals protect the flower bud. 
B) Petals attract seed-dispersing animals. 
C) The stigma produces pollen. 
D) The carpel attracts pollinators. 
E) All of these answers are correct. 
A) Sepals protect the flower bud. 
B) Petals attract seed-dispersing animals. 
C) The stigma produces pollen. 
D) The carpel attracts pollinators. 
E) All of these answers are correct.

Question 14

If a hypocotyl does not elongate during seed germination and early seedling growth,where will the cotyledons be?

Accepted Answer

A) aboveground and above the seed 
B) aboveground and below the seed 
C) in the ground with the seed coat 
A) aboveground and above the seed 
B) aboveground and below the seed 
C) in the ground with the seed coat

Question 15

Gardeners purchase packets of seeds that are put in the ground and germinate.Native plant seeds usually need a scarification treatment or a real or simulated winter (stratification),some seeds need light,and others need a smoke treatment.What do these adaptations to the environmental conditions reveal about where the plants grow?

Accepted Answer

Commercial seeds have been selected for

Question 16

Which of these is not a step in the formation of an embryo from a zygote in the seed?

Accepted Answer

A) The root and shoot systems emerge from the seed. 
B) Basal cells form a connection between the parent plant and the developing embryo. 
C) Mitosis produces a mass of cells that become the young embryo. 
D) Cells differentiate to form the basic plant tissue types. 
E) The early root-shoot axis is formed. 
A) The root and shoot systems emerge from the seed. 
B) Basal cells form a connection between the parent plant and the developing embryo. 
C) Mitosis produces a mass of cells that become the young embryo. 
D) Cells differentiate to form the basic plant tissue types. 
E) The early root-shoot axis is formed.

Question 17

Endosperm is a major part of monocot seeds.In most dicots,

Accepted Answer

A) the same thing is true;there is a substantial amount of endosperm. 
B) endosperm never even starts to form after double fertilization. 
C) endosperm nutrients are repackaged into the cotyledons. 
D) endosperm replaces cotyledons in the seed. 
A) the same thing is true;there is a substantial amount of endosperm. 
B) endosperm never even starts to form after double fertilization. 
C) endosperm nutrients are repackaged into the cotyledons. 
D) endosperm replaces cotyledons in the seed.

Question 18

During self-fertilization,which of the following is absent?

Accepted Answer

A) pollination 
B) transfer of pollen from one plant to the other 
C) transfer of pollen from anther to stigma 
D) formation of gametes 
E) all of the above 
A) pollination 
B) transfer of pollen from one plant to the other 
C) transfer of pollen from anther to stigma 
D) formation of gametes 
E) all of the above

Question 19

To conclude that the Clark's nutcracker is a mutualistic seed disperser,not just a predator,you would need to determine that

Accepted Answer

A) if the birds are not present,whitebark pine cannot spread. 
B) the birds eat all the seeds they cache. 
C) seeds in the caches can germinate to produce seedlings. 
D) bears and squirrels do not eat any of the seeds. 
A) if the birds are not present,whitebark pine cannot spread. 
B) the birds eat all the seeds they cache. 
C) seeds in the caches can germinate to produce seedlings. 
D) bears and squirrels do not eat any of the seeds.

Question 20

What is not true about the carpel of a flower?

Accepted Answer

A) The stigma receives the pollen. 
B) The style provides the pathway for the growth of the pollen tube. 
C) Meiosis of the megaspore forms the eight nuclei of the embryo sac. 
D) The ovary encloses one or more ovules,which contain the embryo sac. 
A) The stigma receives the pollen. 
B) The style provides the pathway for the growth of the pollen tube. 
C) Meiosis of the megaspore forms the eight nuclei of the embryo sac. 
D) The ovary encloses one or more ovules,which contain the embryo sac.

Exam 40: Plant Reproduction

If an ovary contains 50 ovules,what is the minimum number of pollen grains that must land in order to form 50 mature seeds?

Mosses and ferns tend to be most abundant in warm,moist climates.Why do mosses and ferns have problems with reproduction in deserts?

What is the male gametophyte made of?

You find a fruit that has little hooks around the outside of the pericarp.You can assume that ________ is/are the pollinator.

What is an essential part of alternation of generations in plants?

Suppose that 100 pollen grains land on a stigma,and 50 mature seeds are formed in the fruit.What does this indicate about the pollination process and success?

The flowering hormone is made in ________ and alters development of ________.

Unripe fruits protect seeds from predation and early germination.What is the major function of ripe fruits?

Whitebark pine frequently grows in clumps of 3-4.That growth pattern indicates

It is estimated that animal- or insect-pollinated plants produce 1000 pollen grains for each ovule;wind-pollinated plants produce 1,000,000 pollen grains for each ovule.What does that indicate about pollination systems?

Which of the following correctly identifies the function of the flower part named?

If a hypocotyl does not elongate during seed germination and early seedling growth,where will the cotyledons be?

Which of these is not a step in the formation of an embryo from a zygote in the seed?

Endosperm is a major part of monocot seeds.In most dicots,

During self-fertilization,which of the following is absent?

To conclude that the Clark's nutcracker is a mutualistic seed disperser,not just a predator,you would need to determine that

What is not true about the carpel of a flower?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Cell-Cell Interactions

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Analyzing and Engineering Genes

Genomics

Principles of Development

An Introduction to Animal Development

An Introduction to Plant Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

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Protists

Green Algae and Land Plants

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An Introduction to Animals

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Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

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Plant Sensory Systems, signals, and Responses

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Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Electrical Signals in Animals

Animal Sensory Systems and Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction

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An Introduction to Ecology

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