Question 1

About 450 million years ago,the terrestrial landscape on Earth would have

Accepted Answer

A) looked very similar to that of today,with flowers,grasses,shrubs,and trees. 
B) been completely bare rock,with little pools that contained bacteria and cyanobacteria. 
C) been covered with tall forests in swamps that became today's coal. 
D) had nonvascular green plants similar to liverworts forming green mats on rock. 
A) looked very similar to that of today,with flowers,grasses,shrubs,and trees. 
B) been completely bare rock,with little pools that contained bacteria and cyanobacteria. 
C) been covered with tall forests in swamps that became today's coal. 
D) had nonvascular green plants similar to liverworts forming green mats on rock. D

Question 2

Seed plants are heterosporous.This means that

Accepted Answer

A) they produce two types of spores. 
B) they produce two types of sperm. 
C) they produce two types of pollen. 
D) they produce two types of eggs. 
A) they produce two types of spores. 
B) they produce two types of sperm. 
C) they produce two types of pollen. 
D) they produce two types of eggs. A

Question 3

Which of the following possess stomata?

Accepted Answer

A) Ulvophyceae 
B) Hepaticophyta 
C) Charaphyaceae 
D) Anthocerophyta 
E) All of these answers apply. 
A) Ulvophyceae 
B) Hepaticophyta 
C) Charaphyaceae 
D) Anthocerophyta 
E) All of these answers apply. D

Question 4

Which of these are spore-producing structures?

Accepted Answer

A) sporophyte (capsule)of a moss 
B) antheridium of a moss or fern 
C) archegonium of a moss or fern 
D) All of these answers apply. 
A) sporophyte (capsule)of a moss 
B) antheridium of a moss or fern 
C) archegonium of a moss or fern 
D) All of these answers apply.

Question 5

Bioprospectors and ethnobotanists search for plants and plant products used for medicines by native cultures.The major function of the medicinal compounds in plants is to

Accepted Answer

A) attract pollinators for seed dispersal. 
B) attract insects and birds to spread seeds and fruits. 
C) defend the plant against herbivores and microbes. 
D) All of these answers apply. 
A) attract pollinators for seed dispersal. 
B) attract insects and birds to spread seeds and fruits. 
C) defend the plant against herbivores and microbes. 
D) All of these answers apply.

Question 6

Why have biologists hypothesized that the first land plants had a low,sprawling growth habit?

Accepted Answer

A) At the time of the first land plants,the atmosphere had oxygen mainly close to the ground. 
B) Land animals of that period consumed erect plants. 
C) The ancestors of land plants,green algae,lack the structural support to stand erect in air. 
D) Land animals of that period were small,so they needed short plants to eat. 
E) Only fossilized plants exhibit this habit. 
A) At the time of the first land plants,the atmosphere had oxygen mainly close to the ground. 
B) Land animals of that period consumed erect plants. 
C) The ancestors of land plants,green algae,lack the structural support to stand erect in air. 
D) Land animals of that period were small,so they needed short plants to eat. 
E) Only fossilized plants exhibit this habit.

Question 7

Which of these processes does not result in the formation of a different generation in a plant's sexual life cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) meiosis 
B) mitosis 
C) fertilization 
A) meiosis 
B) mitosis 
C) fertilization

Question 8

What is the significance of measuring fruit production?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a measure of pollination success. 
B) It is a measure of seed dispersal success. 
C) It is easier than counting flowers. 
D) It is an indication of predation on the seeds of the plants. 
A) It is a measure of pollination success. 
B) It is a measure of seed dispersal success. 
C) It is easier than counting flowers. 
D) It is an indication of predation on the seeds of the plants.

Question 9

In general,liverworts have a cuticle and pores.However,some species do not have pores.What would you predict concerning the cuticle of these species and why?

Accepted Answer

A) The cuticle would be the same as in those species with pores. 
B) The cuticle would be thicker than in those species with pores. 
C) The cuticle would be thinner than in those species with pores. 
D) There is not enough information to make a prediction. 
A) The cuticle would be the same as in those species with pores. 
B) The cuticle would be thicker than in those species with pores. 
C) The cuticle would be thinner than in those species with pores. 
D) There is not enough information to make a prediction.

Question 10

Spores and seeds have basically the same function,dispersal,but are vastly different because

Accepted Answer

A) spores have a protective outer covering;seeds do not. 
B) spores have an embryo;seeds do not. 
C) spores have stored nutrition;seeds do not. 
D) spores are unicellular;seeds are not. 
E) spores depend primarily on animals for dispersal;seeds do not. 
A) spores have a protective outer covering;seeds do not. 
B) spores have an embryo;seeds do not. 
C) spores have stored nutrition;seeds do not. 
D) spores are unicellular;seeds are not. 
E) spores depend primarily on animals for dispersal;seeds do not.

Question 11

According to the fossil record,plants colonized terrestrial habitats

Accepted Answer

A) in conjunction with insects that pollinated them. 
B) in conjunction with fungi that helped provide them with nutrients from the soil. 
C) from marine habitats. 
D) only about 150 million years ago. 
A) in conjunction with insects that pollinated them. 
B) in conjunction with fungi that helped provide them with nutrients from the soil. 
C) from marine habitats. 
D) only about 150 million years ago.

Question 12

The most direct ancestors of land plants were probably

Accepted Answer

A) any of the green algae that live in water. 
B) certain groups of algae. 
C) photosynthesizing prokaryotes (cyanobacteria). 
D) liverworts and mosses. 
A) any of the green algae that live in water. 
B) certain groups of algae. 
C) photosynthesizing prokaryotes (cyanobacteria). 
D) liverworts and mosses.

Question 13

How are the bryophytes and seedless vascular plants alike?

Accepted Answer

A) Plants in both groups have vascular tissue. 
B) In both groups,sperm swim from antheridia to archegonia. 
C) The dominant generation in both groups is the sporophyte. 
D) Plants in both groups have true roots,stems,and leaves. 
E) All of these answers apply. 
A) Plants in both groups have vascular tissue. 
B) In both groups,sperm swim from antheridia to archegonia. 
C) The dominant generation in both groups is the sporophyte. 
D) Plants in both groups have true roots,stems,and leaves. 
E) All of these answers apply.

Question 14

Why have seed banks been established?

Accepted Answer

A) to serve as a store of genetic diversity of crop plants 
B) to serve as a store of seeds for the next growing seasons 
C) to serve as a store of seeds before they are sold at market 
D) All of these answers apply. 
A) to serve as a store of genetic diversity of crop plants 
B) to serve as a store of seeds for the next growing seasons 
C) to serve as a store of seeds before they are sold at market 
D) All of these answers apply.

Question 15

Some plants changed their flowers to lighter colors,and some retained the same darker color all season.Which plants do you expect produced more fruit?

Accepted Answer

A) those that changed their color to a lighter shade 
B) those that stayed darker 
C) They probably produced the same numbers of fruit. 
A) those that changed their color to a lighter shade 
B) those that stayed darker 
C) They probably produced the same numbers of fruit.

Question 16

The retaining of the zygote on the living gametophyte of land plants

Accepted Answer

A) protects the zygote from herbivores. 
B) helps in dispersal of the zygote. 
C) allows it to be nourished by the parent plant. 
D) is found only in seed plants. 
A) protects the zygote from herbivores. 
B) helps in dispersal of the zygote. 
C) allows it to be nourished by the parent plant. 
D) is found only in seed plants.

Question 17

Immature seed cones of conifers are usually green before pollination,and flowers of grasses are inconspicuously colored.What does this indicate about their pollination?

Accepted Answer

A) They self-fertilize and do not need pollen carried from one plant to another. 
B) Their pollinating insects are color blind. 
C) They are wind pollinated. 
D) They probably attract pollinators using strong fragrances. 
A) They self-fertilize and do not need pollen carried from one plant to another. 
B) Their pollinating insects are color blind. 
C) They are wind pollinated. 
D) They probably attract pollinators using strong fragrances.

Question 18

Once plants evolved to live on land and had vascular tissue,megaphylls appeared to be selected for and replaced microphylls in most plant lineages.What is a major advantage of having larger leaves?

Accepted Answer

A) Plants are better able to cool themselves by waving their leaves in the wind. 
B) Plants can shade the stem to prevent too much evaporation. 
C) Plants have more photosynthetic tissue for increased sugar production. 
D) Plants can better hide their reproductive parts from herbivores. 
E) All of the above apply. 
A) Plants are better able to cool themselves by waving their leaves in the wind. 
B) Plants can shade the stem to prevent too much evaporation. 
C) Plants have more photosynthetic tissue for increased sugar production. 
D) Plants can better hide their reproductive parts from herbivores. 
E) All of the above apply.

Question 19

What two major novelties allowed for the first colonization of terrestrial habitats by plants?

Accepted Answer

A) roots and vascular tissue 
B) cuticle and pores 
C) roots and true leaves 
D) tracheids and vessel elements 
E) All of these answers apply. 
A) roots and vascular tissue 
B) cuticle and pores 
C) roots and true leaves 
D) tracheids and vessel elements 
E) All of these answers apply.

Question 20

As you stroll through a moist forest,you are most likely to see a

Accepted Answer

A) zygote of a green alga. 
B) gametophyte of a moss. 
C) sporophyte of a liverwort. 
D) gametophyte of a fern. 
A) zygote of a green alga. 
B) gametophyte of a moss. 
C) sporophyte of a liverwort. 
D) gametophyte of a fern.

Exam 30: Green Algae and Land Plants

About 450 million years ago,the terrestrial landscape on Earth would have

Seed plants are heterosporous.This means that

Which of the following possess stomata?

Which of these are spore-producing structures?

Bioprospectors and ethnobotanists search for plants and plant products used for medicines by native cultures.The major function of the medicinal compounds in plants is to

Why have biologists hypothesized that the first land plants had a low,sprawling growth habit?

Which of these processes does not result in the formation of a different generation in a plant's sexual life cycle?

What is the significance of measuring fruit production?

In general,liverworts have a cuticle and pores.However,some species do not have pores.What would you predict concerning the cuticle of these species and why?

Spores and seeds have basically the same function,dispersal,but are vastly different because

According to the fossil record,plants colonized terrestrial habitats

The most direct ancestors of land plants were probably

How are the bryophytes and seedless vascular plants alike?

Why have seed banks been established?

Some plants changed their flowers to lighter colors,and some retained the same darker color all season.Which plants do you expect produced more fruit?

The retaining of the zygote on the living gametophyte of land plants

Immature seed cones of conifers are usually green before pollination,and flowers of grasses are inconspicuously colored.What does this indicate about their pollination?

Once plants evolved to live on land and had vascular tissue,megaphylls appeared to be selected for and replaced microphylls in most plant lineages.What is a major advantage of having larger leaves?

What two major novelties allowed for the first colonization of terrestrial habitats by plants?

As you stroll through a moist forest,you are most likely to see a

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Cell-Cell Interactions

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Analyzing and Engineering Genes

Genomics

Principles of Development

An Introduction to Animal Development

An Introduction to Plant Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

An Introduction to Animals

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Sensory Systems, signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Electrical Signals in Animals

Animal Sensory Systems and Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioural Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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