Question 1

Why are healthy corals brightly colored?

Accepted Answer

A) Corals secrete colorful pigments to warn predators that they are poisonous. 
B) Corals secrete colorful pigments to attract mates. 
C) Corals host symbionts with colorful photosynthetic pigments. 
D) Corals build their skeletons from colorful minerals. 
E) Corals secrete colorful pigments to protect themselves from UV light. 
A) Corals secrete colorful pigments to warn predators that they are poisonous. 
B) Corals secrete colorful pigments to attract mates. 
C) Corals host symbionts with colorful photosynthetic pigments. 
D) Corals build their skeletons from colorful minerals. 
E) Corals secrete colorful pigments to protect themselves from UV light. C

Question 2

Figure 32.2  
-Which morphological trait evolved more than once in animals,according to the phylogeny based on DNA sequence data found in Figure 32.2 above?

Accepted Answer

A) coelom 
B) bilateral symmetry 
C) segmentation 
D) tissue 
E) protostome development 
A) coelom 
B) bilateral symmetry 
C) segmentation 
D) tissue 
E) protostome development C

Question 3

Figure 32.1  
-From the information provided in the figure above,how would you classify the feeding strategy of organism C?

Accepted Answer

A) suspension feeding 
B) predation 
C) parasitism 
D) A and B 
E) B and C 
A) suspension feeding 
B) predation 
C) parasitism 
D) A and B 
E) B and C D

Question 4

Suppose you came across a novel organism you suspected belonged to one of the following animal phyla: Porifera,Cnidaria,Ctenophora,or Acoelomorpha.Which of the following characteristics would not be helpful in placing the organism into the correct phylum?

Accepted Answer

A) the organism's feeding strategy 
B) the organism's habitat 
C) whether the organism has a coelom 
D) whether the organism has a gut 
E) whether adults are sessile or motile 
A) the organism's feeding strategy 
B) the organism's habitat 
C) whether the organism has a coelom 
D) whether the organism has a gut 
E) whether adults are sessile or motile

Question 5

Due to its unusual habitat (inside the digestive tracts of other animals),the tapeworm lacks

Accepted Answer

A) a head 
B) a mouth 
C) a digestive tract 
D) B and C 
E) A,B,and C 
A) a head 
B) a mouth 
C) a digestive tract 
D) B and C 
E) A,B,and C

Question 6

Parasitism is one of the most successful life strategies ever to evolve.Which of the following is consistent with this finding?

Accepted Answer

A) Parasites almost always predigest their hosts' tissues and,therefore,spend less energy and require fewer structural adaptations. 
B) Parasites,unlike predators,feed on almost all the tissues of their host. 
C) Parasites do not generally kill their hosts,thus they can feed on the same host throughout the host's normal life span and do not have competition from decomposers. 
D) Parasites generally kill their host and can feed for a very long time because they are much smaller than their host. 
A) Parasites almost always predigest their hosts' tissues and,therefore,spend less energy and require fewer structural adaptations. 
B) Parasites,unlike predators,feed on almost all the tissues of their host. 
C) Parasites do not generally kill their hosts,thus they can feed on the same host throughout the host's normal life span and do not have competition from decomposers. 
D) Parasites generally kill their host and can feed for a very long time because they are much smaller than their host.

Question 7

Suppose all of the suspension feeders were removed from a lake.What would you expect to happen after a brief period of time?

Accepted Answer

A) The water would become clearer. 
B) The water would become murkier. 
C) The water would remain the same. 
A) The water would become clearer. 
B) The water would become murkier. 
C) The water would remain the same.

Question 8

Which of the following combinations of embryonic features is common in the deuterostomes?

Accepted Answer

A) spiral cleavage and the gastrulation pore (or gastropore)becomes the anus 
B) radial cleavage and the gastropore becomes the mouth 
C) absence of cleavage and gastropore becomes the anus 
D) spiral cleavage and the absence of gastropore formation 
E) radial cleavage and the gastropore becomes the anus 
A) spiral cleavage and the gastrulation pore (or gastropore)becomes the anus 
B) radial cleavage and the gastropore becomes the mouth 
C) absence of cleavage and gastropore becomes the anus 
D) spiral cleavage and the absence of gastropore formation 
E) radial cleavage and the gastropore becomes the anus

Question 9

While looking at some seawater through your microscope,you spot the egg of an unknown animal.Which of the following tests could you not use to determine whether the developing organism is a protostome or a deuterostome?

Accepted Answer

A) See whether the ectoderm forms the mature animal's skin/exoskeleton or nervous system 
B) See whether the animal exhibits spiral cleavage or radial cleavage during early development. 
C) See whether the coelom is formed from a split in the mesoderm or from mesodermal pockets pinched off the gut. 
D) See whether the pore formed during gastrulation becomes the mature animal's mouth or its anus. 
A) See whether the ectoderm forms the mature animal's skin/exoskeleton or nervous system 
B) See whether the animal exhibits spiral cleavage or radial cleavage during early development. 
C) See whether the coelom is formed from a split in the mesoderm or from mesodermal pockets pinched off the gut. 
D) See whether the pore formed during gastrulation becomes the mature animal's mouth or its anus.

Question 10

All of the following are true about choanoflagellates EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) they are suspension feeders. 
B) they are sessile as adults. 
C) they live in aquatic habitats. 
D) they are animals. 
E) they reproduce asexually. 
A) they are suspension feeders. 
B) they are sessile as adults. 
C) they live in aquatic habitats. 
D) they are animals. 
E) they reproduce asexually.

Question 11

Figure 32.4  
-Dll is a gene known to direct limb development in the fruit fly.Researchers studying this gene have found that it is also expressed in developing appendages in animals from many other phyla as well,supporting the hypothesis that all animal appendages may be homologous.However,suppose researchers looking at Dll activity had instead found the results shown in Figure 32.4. What would these results suggest?

Accepted Answer

A) Dll is not actually involved in appendage development. 
B) Appendages evolved separately in protostomes and deuterostomes. 
C) Appendages coevolved with segmentation. 
D) All animal appendages are homologous. 
A) Dll is not actually involved in appendage development. 
B) Appendages evolved separately in protostomes and deuterostomes. 
C) Appendages coevolved with segmentation. 
D) All animal appendages are homologous.

Question 12

Limbs-especially jointed limbs-are an important evolutionary development because they allow animals to

Accepted Answer

A) inhabit aquatic environments. 
B) develop an endoskeleton. 
C) move quickly and precisely. 
D) undergo complete metamorphosis. 
E) have young disperse from sessile adults. 
A) inhabit aquatic environments. 
B) develop an endoskeleton. 
C) move quickly and precisely. 
D) undergo complete metamorphosis. 
E) have young disperse from sessile adults.

Question 13

Which one of the following objects most closely resembles the pattern of the tube-within-a-tube body plan?

Accepted Answer

A) a bowling ball (with finger holes drilled) 
B) a pipe with a straw inside 
C) a cup with a straw in it 
D) a soda can with the tab removed 
A) a bowling ball (with finger holes drilled) 
B) a pipe with a straw inside 
C) a cup with a straw in it 
D) a soda can with the tab removed

Question 14

Which of the following feeding tactics is consistent with this list of features: two-part stomach capable of breaking down tough food particles;simple mouthparts;the ability to burrow through,and consume,indigestible fecal material to get to hidden food?

Accepted Answer

A) suspension feeder 
B) fluid feeder 
C) deposit feeder 
D) food-mass feeder 
A) suspension feeder 
B) fluid feeder 
C) deposit feeder 
D) food-mass feeder

Question 15

Comb jellies may not be the most familiar animal to you,but they are critical in the food chain because they make up a significant portion of the planktonic biomass.Their feeding strategy is predatory and involves adhesives or mucous on their tentacles or other body parts.What feeding tactic do these animals use?

Accepted Answer

A) suspension feeder 
B) fluid feeder 
C) deposit feeder 
D) food-mass feeder 
A) suspension feeder 
B) fluid feeder 
C) deposit feeder 
D) food-mass feeder

Question 16

Which of the following characteristics is not true of animals?

Accepted Answer

A) They typically have more haploid cells than diploid cells. 
B) They have an extracellular matrix. 
C) They are the only group on the tree of life with muscle and nervous tissue. 
D) They have a cell wall. 
E) All of the above are true of animals. 
A) They typically have more haploid cells than diploid cells. 
B) They have an extracellular matrix. 
C) They are the only group on the tree of life with muscle and nervous tissue. 
D) They have a cell wall. 
E) All of the above are true of animals.

Question 17

Which of the following groups of terms best describes the acoelomorpha?

Accepted Answer

A) diploblastic;bilaterally symmetric;complex digestive tracts;mobile 
B) triploblastic;radially symmetric;simple digestive tracts;mobile 
C) triploblastic;bilaterally symmetric;simple digestive tracts;mobile 
D) triploblastic;radially symmetric;simple digestive tracts;immobile 
A) diploblastic;bilaterally symmetric;complex digestive tracts;mobile 
B) triploblastic;radially symmetric;simple digestive tracts;mobile 
C) triploblastic;bilaterally symmetric;simple digestive tracts;mobile 
D) triploblastic;radially symmetric;simple digestive tracts;immobile

Question 18

To reproduce,many plants produce seeds-structures containing embryonic offspring along with nutrients inside a tough case.These offspring develop after being released by the parent plant.To which animal reproductive strategy is seed production most comparable?

Accepted Answer

A) oviparous reproduction 
B) ovoviviparous reproduction 
C) viviparous reproduction 
A) oviparous reproduction 
B) ovoviviparous reproduction 
C) viviparous reproduction

Question 19

The text describes four ways,or tactics,of feeding.Which of the following is NOT one of those ways?

Accepted Answer

A) suspension feeding 
B) food-mass feeding 
C) herbivory feeding 
D) deposit feeding 
E) fluid feeding 
A) suspension feeding 
B) food-mass feeding 
C) herbivory feeding 
D) deposit feeding 
E) fluid feeding

Question 20

The embryo doesn't grow larger during the stage known as cleavage.What is going on in the embryo during this process?

Accepted Answer

A) Cleavage is just the stage at which cells begin to differentiate;that is,endodermal cells start to look different from ectodermal and mesodermal cells. 
B) The cells are dividing at this stage,but all the cytoplasm is being split between resulting cells without the formation of new cytoplasm. 
C) Cleavage is the formation of the gastropore that is used to differentiate protostomes and deuterostomes. 
D) Cleavage is the process by which the polarity of the cell is established;that is,the anterior is distinguished from the posterior. 
A) Cleavage is just the stage at which cells begin to differentiate;that is,endodermal cells start to look different from ectodermal and mesodermal cells. 
B) The cells are dividing at this stage,but all the cytoplasm is being split between resulting cells without the formation of new cytoplasm. 
C) Cleavage is the formation of the gastropore that is used to differentiate protostomes and deuterostomes. 
D) Cleavage is the process by which the polarity of the cell is established;that is,the anterior is distinguished from the posterior.

Exam 32: An Introduction to Animals

Why are healthy corals brightly colored?

Figure 32.2 -Which morphological trait evolved more than once in animals,according to the phylogeny based on DNA sequence data found in Figure 32.2 above?

Figure 32.1 -From the information provided in the figure above,how would you classify the feeding strategy of organism C?

Suppose you came across a novel organism you suspected belonged to one of the following animal phyla: Porifera,Cnidaria,Ctenophora,or Acoelomorpha.Which of the following characteristics would not be helpful in placing the organism into the correct phylum?

Due to its unusual habitat (inside the digestive tracts of other animals),the tapeworm lacks

Parasitism is one of the most successful life strategies ever to evolve.Which of the following is consistent with this finding?

Suppose all of the suspension feeders were removed from a lake.What would you expect to happen after a brief period of time?

Which of the following combinations of embryonic features is common in the deuterostomes?

While looking at some seawater through your microscope,you spot the egg of an unknown animal.Which of the following tests could you not use to determine whether the developing organism is a protostome or a deuterostome?

All of the following are true about choanoflagellates EXCEPT

Limbs-especially jointed limbs-are an important evolutionary development because they allow animals to

Which one of the following objects most closely resembles the pattern of the tube-within-a-tube body plan?

Which of the following feeding tactics is consistent with this list of features: two-part stomach capable of breaking down tough food particles;simple mouthparts;the ability to burrow through,and consume,indigestible fecal material to get to hidden food?

Which of the following characteristics is not true of animals?

Which of the following groups of terms best describes the acoelomorpha?

To reproduce,many plants produce seeds-structures containing embryonic offspring along with nutrients inside a tough case.These offspring develop after being released by the parent plant.To which animal reproductive strategy is seed production most comparable?

The text describes four ways,or tactics,of feeding.Which of the following is NOT one of those ways?

The embryo doesn't grow larger during the stage known as cleavage.What is going on in the embryo during this process?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Cell-Cell Interactions

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Analyzing and Engineering Genes

Genomics

Principles of Development

An Introduction to Animal Development

An Introduction to Plant Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Green Algae and Land Plants

Fungi

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Sensory Systems, signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Electrical Signals in Animals

Animal Sensory Systems and Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioural Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Filters