Exam 41: Animal Form and Function

Scientists have performed studies to show that having a fever is adaptive.Which of the following observations in an ectotherm would be consistent with this conclusion?

Which class of tissue has many different types and functions in humans dictated by the unique extracellular matrix surrounding that tissue?

Which of the following is not a function of an effector in the homeostatic regulation of temperature in mammals?

A researcher is setting up an experiment to measure basal metabolic rate in prairie voles (a small mouse-like mammal).Which of the following would be the best set of conditions for the voles immediately before and during the measurement?

In a species of bird,some males help the females care for the eggs and young,while other males do not.Young that are cared for by both the male and female are more likely to survive.Which of the following activities by males that do not provide parental care would represent the most beneficial trade-off for the reduced survival of their offspring?

A woman standing and watching the stars on a cool,calm night will lose most of her body heat by which mechanism?

Salmon are born in freshwater environments and then migrate to the sea.Near the end of their lives,they return to the freshwater stream where they were born to spawn.In freshwater,water constantly diffuses into the body and ions are lost from the body.In salt water,body water diffuses out of the body and excess ions are gained from the water.A salmon's gills have special cells to pump salt in or out of the body to maintain homeostasis.In response to the salmon's moves between freshwater and salt water,some cells in the gills are produced and others are destroyed.These changes made in the cells of the gills during the lifetime of an individual salmon are an example of which of the following?

What is the main reason that a person sitting on the beach with an air temperature of 15°C loses heat less rapidly than when immersed in lake water at 15°C?

Choose the statement below that is TRUE regarding thermoregulation strategy.

You discover a new species of bacteria that grows in aquatic environments with high salt levels.While studying these bacteria,you note that their internal environment is similar to the salt concentrations in their surroundings.You also discover that the internal salt concentrations of the bacteria change as the salt concentration in their environment changes.The new species can tolerate small changes in this way,but dies from large changes because it has no mechanism for altering its own internal salt levels.What type of homeostatic mechanism is this species using to regulate its internal salt levels?

What tissue types make up a human hand?

Which principle of heat exchange is the most important explanation for why birds look larger in colder weather because they fluff their feathers?

Which one of the following is not a good strategy for increasing the surface area relative to the volume?

After you eat a meal,blood glucose concentration increases.Insulin is released from the pancreas to restore blood glucose concentration by facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells and stimulating the conversion of glucose to glycogen.What homeostatic mechanism is this an example of?

You begin exercising vigorously.This will,in a short time,cause your blood pH to begin dropping due to the release of carbon dioxide into your bloodstream.Which component of your homeostatic feedback system is responsible for deciding if your blood pH is far enough from normal that a response is necessary?

Your professor announces he has discovered a new species of bird that feeds mostly on worms and soft-bodied insects picked up from the ground and off of leaves.Based on this information,what shape of beak would you predict for this bird?

Gills serve multiple functions in fish in addition to gas exchange.Given the large surface area of gills with lamellae,what is the most likely explanation for why crucian carp cover protruding lamellae in their gills when levels of oxygen are normal?

Torpor has evolved in several high-latitude species even though it is energetically expensive.Why does this adaptation require a large energy input for those species that utilize this function?

One function of the intestines is absorption.Water and nutrients pass from the inside of the intestines to the surrounding circulatory system.Which of the following represents the correct path that water and nutrients travel during absorption?

Multicellular organisms are limited by size and,thus,ways to increase surface area of a structure are often advantageous.Which of the following pairs of words best describes ways to increase the surface area of a structure?