Question 1

Where is the major cardiovascular center in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A) Frontal lobe 
B) Thalamus 
C) Brainstem 
D) Hypothalamus 
A) Frontal lobe 
B) Thalamus 
C) Brainstem 
D) Hypothalamus

Question 2

Match the description with the corresponding terms.
-Frank-Starling law

Accepted Answer

A) Relationship among blood flow, pressure, and resistance 
B) Increased heart rate from increased volume 
C) Relationship of wall tension intraventricular pressure, internal radius, and wall thickness 
D) Cycles of attachment, movement, and dissociation of thin filaments during the attachments of actin to myosin 
E) Length-tension relationship of cardiac muscle 
A) Relationship among blood flow, pressure, and resistance 
B) Increased heart rate from increased volume 
C) Relationship of wall tension intraventricular pressure, internal radius, and wall thickness 
D) Cycles of attachment, movement, and dissociation of thin filaments during the attachments of actin to myosin 
E) Length-tension relationship of cardiac muscle

Question 3

Which of the following can shorten the conduction time of action potential through the atrioventricular (AV) node?

Accepted Answer

A) Parasympathetic nervous system 
B) Catecholamines 
C) Vagal stimulation 
D) Sinoatrial node (S
A)  
A) Parasympathetic nervous system 
B) Catecholamines 
C) Vagal stimulation 
D) Sinoatrial node (S
A)

Question 4

Ventricular hypertrophy results in the capillaries of the heart becoming more extensive as well as numerous.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Match the intracardiac pressures with their description.
-An early diastole peak caused by filling of the atrium from peripheral veins

Accepted Answer

A) a wave 
B) v wave 
C) c wave 
D) x descent 
E) y descent 
A) a wave 
B) v wave 
C) c wave 
D) x descent 
E) y descent

Question 6

Which statement is false concerning the method in which substances pass from capillaries and the interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) Substances pass through junctions between endothelial cells. 
B) Substances pass through pores or oval windows (fenestrations). 
C) Substances pass through vesicles by active transport across the endothelial cell membrane. 
D) Substances pass through by osmosis across the endothelial cell membrane. 
A) Substances pass through junctions between endothelial cells. 
B) Substances pass through pores or oval windows (fenestrations). 
C) Substances pass through vesicles by active transport across the endothelial cell membrane. 
D) Substances pass through by osmosis across the endothelial cell membrane.

Question 7

Match the description with the corresponding terms.
-Laplace's law

Accepted Answer

A) Relationship among blood flow, pressure, and resistance 
B) Increased heart rate from increased volume 
C) Relationship of wall tension intraventricular pressure, internal radius, and wall thickness 
D) Cycles of attachment, movement, and dissociation of thin filaments during the attachments of actin to myosin 
E) Length-tension relationship of cardiac muscle 
A) Relationship among blood flow, pressure, and resistance 
B) Increased heart rate from increased volume 
C) Relationship of wall tension intraventricular pressure, internal radius, and wall thickness 
D) Cycles of attachment, movement, and dissociation of thin filaments during the attachments of actin to myosin 
E) Length-tension relationship of cardiac muscle

Question 8

Blood contained within the atria and ventricles is a recognized source of oxygen for the cells of the heart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Occlusion of the circumflex artery during a myocardial infarction would interrupt blood supply to the:

Accepted Answer

A) left and right ventricles and much of the interventricular septum. 
B) posterior interventricular sulcus and smaller branches of both ventricles. 
C) upper right ventricle, right marginal branch, and right ventricle to the apex. 
D) left atrium and the lateral wall of the left ventricle. 
A) left and right ventricles and much of the interventricular septum. 
B) posterior interventricular sulcus and smaller branches of both ventricles. 
C) upper right ventricle, right marginal branch, and right ventricle to the apex. 
D) left atrium and the lateral wall of the left ventricle.

Question 10

What, if any, is the effect of epinephrine on β₂-receptors of the heart?

Accepted Answer

A) There is no effect 
B) Dilate coronary arterioles 
C) Increase the strength of myocardial contraction 
D) Decrease the heart rate 
A) There is no effect 
B) Dilate coronary arterioles 
C) Increase the strength of myocardial contraction 
D) Decrease the heart rate

Question 11

Which natriuretic peptide is proposed to be a biochemical marker to screen for left ventricular dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

A) Urodilatin 
B) Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) 
C) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 
D) C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) 
A) Urodilatin 
B) Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) 
C) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 
D) C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)

Question 12

The significance of the "atrial kick" is that it is the contraction of the:

Accepted Answer

A) right atria that is necessary to open the tricuspid valve. 
B) right atria that is necessary to increase the blood volume from the venae cavae. 
C) left atria that increases the blood volume into the ventricle. 
D) left atria that is necessary to open the mitral valve. 
A) right atria that is necessary to open the tricuspid valve. 
B) right atria that is necessary to increase the blood volume from the venae cavae. 
C) left atria that increases the blood volume into the ventricle. 
D) left atria that is necessary to open the mitral valve.

Question 13

What enables electrical impulses to travel in a continuous cell-to-cell fashion in myocardial cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Sarcolemma sclerotic plaques 
B) Intercalated disks 
C) Trabeculae carneae 
D) Bachmann bundles 
A) Sarcolemma sclerotic plaques 
B) Intercalated disks 
C) Trabeculae carneae 
D) Bachmann bundles

Question 14

Match the intracardiac pressures with their description.
-May represent bulging of the mitral valve into the left atrium during early systole

Accepted Answer

A) a wave 
B) v wave 
C) c wave 
D) x descent 
E) y descent 
A) a wave 
B) v wave 
C) c wave 
D) x descent 
E) y descent

Question 15

To produce an action potential, the sinoatrial node must be stimulated by the autonomic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Match the intracardiac pressures with their description.
-Generated by the atrial contraction

Accepted Answer

A) a wave 
B) v wave 
C) c wave 
D) x descent 
E) y descent 
A) a wave 
B) v wave 
C) c wave 
D) x descent 
E) y descent

Question 17

Match the intracardiac pressures with their description.
-Reflects rapid flow of blood from the great veins and right atrium into the right ventricle

Accepted Answer

A) a wave 
B) v wave 
C) c wave 
D) x descent 
E) y descent 
A) a wave 
B) v wave 
C) c wave 
D) x descent 
E) y descent

Question 18

Depolarization of a cardiac muscle cell occurs as the result of a:

Accepted Answer

A) decrease in the permeability of the cell membrane to potassium. 
B) rapid movement of sodium into the cell. 
C) decrease in the movement of sodium out of the cell. 
D) rapid movement of calcium out of the cell. 
A) decrease in the permeability of the cell membrane to potassium. 
B) rapid movement of sodium into the cell. 
C) decrease in the movement of sodium out of the cell. 
D) rapid movement of calcium out of the cell.

Question 19

The _____ period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated.

Accepted Answer

A) refractory 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) threshold 
D) SA 
A) refractory 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) threshold 
D) SA

Question 20

A function of the papillary muscles is to _____ valves.

Accepted Answer

A) close the semilunar 
B) prevent backward expulsion of the atrioventricular 
C) close the atrioventricular 
D) open the semilunar 
A) close the semilunar 
B) prevent backward expulsion of the atrioventricular 
C) close the atrioventricular 
D) open the semilunar

Exam 29: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Where is the major cardiovascular center in the central nervous system?

Match the description with the corresponding terms. -Frank-Starling law

Which of the following can shorten the conduction time of action potential through the atrioventricular (AV) node?

Ventricular hypertrophy results in the capillaries of the heart becoming more extensive as well as numerous.

Match the intracardiac pressures with their description. -An early diastole peak caused by filling of the atrium from peripheral veins

Which statement is false concerning the method in which substances pass from capillaries and the interstitial fluid?

Match the description with the corresponding terms. -Laplace's law

Blood contained within the atria and ventricles is a recognized source of oxygen for the cells of the heart.

Occlusion of the circumflex artery during a myocardial infarction would interrupt blood supply to the:

What, if any, is the effect of epinephrine on β₂-receptors of the heart?

Which natriuretic peptide is proposed to be a biochemical marker to screen for left ventricular dysfunction?

The significance of the "atrial kick" is that it is the contraction of the:

What enables electrical impulses to travel in a continuous cell-to-cell fashion in myocardial cells?

Match the intracardiac pressures with their description. -May represent bulging of the mitral valve into the left atrium during early systole

To produce an action potential, the sinoatrial node must be stimulated by the autonomic nervous system.

Match the intracardiac pressures with their description. -Generated by the atrial contraction

Match the intracardiac pressures with their description. -Reflects rapid flow of blood from the great veins and right atrium into the right ventricle

Depolarization of a cardiac muscle cell occurs as the result of a:

The _____ period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated.

A function of the papillary muscles is to _____ valves.

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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